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Hello Psych2goers, we want to say thank you for all the support you've given us over the last few years.
各位观众，我们想感谢大家在过去几年中对我们的支持。
It's truly amazing to know how big of a community we have built around mental health advocacy and awareness.
我们围绕着心理健康宣传和意识建立了这么大的一个社区，这真的很了不起。
We are proud of that and we'll love to continue to serve where possible.
我们对此感到自豪，我们将继续尽可能的为大家服务。
Today's topic is on the difference between anxiety and panic disorder.
今天的话题是焦虑症和恐慌症的区别。
If you are struggling to know the difference, then this topic is for you.
如果你想知道其中区别，今天的这个话题很适合你。
Although it can be distracting and distressing, anxiety is a completely normal part of life.
尽管焦虑会让人分心和痛苦，但它完全是生活中的正常部分。
Everyone will experience bouts of anxiety at some point in their lives,
每个人都会在生命中的某些时刻经历焦虑。
usually surrounding a stressful event such as an exam or job interview
通常都是围绕着压力事件，如考试或工作面试，
but only 18% of Americans are truly diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder or GAD.
但其实只有18%的美国人被确诊为广泛性焦虑症（GAD）。
According to Kathleen Roblyer, a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner
根据精神病精神卫生护理师
and clinical assistant professor at the Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Nursing, anxiety is a common experience.
兼德州农工健康科学中心医学院的临床助理教授Kathleen Roblyer，焦虑症是一种常见的经历。
When the presentation of anxiety meets certain criteria such as in generalized anxiety disorder, it becomes a disorder.
当焦虑的表现符合一定的标准，如广泛性焦虑障碍，它就成为一种障碍。
The same relationship distinguishes individual panic attacks from panic disorder,
同样的关系也区分了个体的恐慌发作和恐慌症，
a chronic and distressing condition that affects two to three percent of adult Americans.
后者是一种慢性和痛苦的疾病，2%到3%美国成年人受其影响影响。
Recurrent panic attacks can be considered panic disorder when the individual begins to live in fear of experiencing more attacks,
当一个人开始生活在对经历更多发作的恐惧中时，复发性恐慌发作就可以被认为是恐慌症，
thus interfering with everyday life and often triggering more attacks.
日常生活因而受到干扰，且通常会诱发更多次的发作。
Just as anxiety and GAD are used interchangeably despite being different experiences
尽管体验不同，但焦虑症和广泛性焦虑症可以互换使用，
panic disorder is often misunderstood as being severe anxiety.
而就像这两种疾病一样，恐慌症也经常被误认为严重的焦虑症。
While the two are very related panic disorder falls under the category of anxiety disorders, they are not interchangeable.
虽然这两种疾病是非常相关，且都属于焦虑症的范畴，它们是不可互换的。
Because of the distinct ways, each affliction presents itself.
因为其方式不同，每种痛苦都有自己的特点。
Here are five of the most significant differences between anxiety and panic.
以下是焦虑症和恐慌症最显著的5种区别。
1. Anxiety can last much longer.
1. 焦虑症持续时间更长。
Fortunately, for those who suffer from panic attacks episodes are usually short-lived
幸运的是，对于那些患有恐慌症的人而言，疾病的发作通常是短暂的，
while a lot of attacks and within 10 minutes of beginning,
虽然发作次数多且通常只有10分钟，
according to the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania,
但根据宾夕法尼亚大学佩雷尔曼医学院，
multiple rolling attacks can come and go for several hours at a time.
疾病发作可以在几个小时内来来回回好几次。
Of course the frequency of panic attacks varies from person to person, so no two experiences will necessarily be the same.
当然恐慌症发作频率因人而异，所以没有两种经历是必然相同的。
Anxiety, on the other hand, is much more long-term.
另一方面，焦虑是长期的。
You can think of it more like a change in one's everyday behavior rather than a sudden onset of severe distress.
你可以把它想象成一个人日常行为的改变，而不是突然发生的严重痛苦。
Symptoms can last for years even with treatment but just like panic disorder no two cases of anxiety are the same.
即使经过治疗，症状也会持续数年，但就像恐慌症一样，没有两种焦虑症是相同的。
2. Panic is specific while anxiety is more general.
2. 恐慌是特定的，而焦虑是普遍的。
Kathleen Roblyer, PM HNP of Texas A&M explains a panic attack is a specific event
Kathleen Roblyer解释称恐慌症是特定事件
that occurs with defined characteristics and involves feelings of intense fear, danger or doom,
它的发作具有特定的特征，包括强烈的恐惧、危险或厄运感，
whereas anxiety is a more general term related to stress and worry.
而焦虑症是一种更加普遍的术语和压力且和担忧相关。
Neither an anxiety or panic attack needs a specific trigger to cause it
焦虑或惊恐发作都不需要特定的诱发事件来引起
but anxiety can also cause generalized stress and worry about the future, past and even hypothetical events.
但焦虑症也可以导致普遍的压力以及对未来、过去甚至假设事件的担忧。
Panic attacks often occur out of the blue without any triggers present.
惊恐发作常常是在没有任何诱因的情况下突然发生的。
This doesn't mean that triggers for panic doesn't exist
这并不意味着恐慌症的触发事件不存在
but the lack of casualty can make these seemingly random attacks more distressing.
但此类事件的缺乏会让这些看似随机的发作变得更加令人痛苦。
Anxiety attacks though typically occur in relation to a specific event, situation or thought that triggers the unwanted response
焦虑症发作通常发生在特定的事件、情况或想法中，这些事件、情况或想法会诱发有害的反应
while anxiety disorder can disrupt a person's life even when the triggers are not present.
而焦虑症可以扰乱一个人的生活，即使没有诱因。
3. They have different symptoms.
3. 它们的症状不同。
Although both disorders are based in a severe sense of worry or fear
虽然两种疾病都是基于严重的担忧或害怕感
they express themselves in different ways.
但它们的表达方式并不相同。
According to Dr. Ted Wander, Inpatient Psychiatry Medical Director at Intermountain LDS Hospital,
根据Intermountain LDS Hospital住院精神病学医学主任Ted Wander博士，
the symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder include more generalized emotional symptoms
广泛性焦虑障碍的症状包括更广泛的情绪症状
such as irritability, feelings of worry or dread, trouble concentrating and feeling tense or jumpy.
如易怒、担心或恐惧的感觉、注意力难以集中、感觉紧张或神经质。
The symptoms of panic attacks, on the other hand, are more severe and come on more abruptly than symptoms of GAD.
另一方面，恐慌症的症状更严重，发作也更为突然。
They can include sweating, shaking, chest pain, a rapid heart rate and even numbness or sensations of choking.
症状包括出汗、发抖、胸痛、心跳加速、甚至麻木或有窒息感。
For a more thorough list of symptoms and information about panic and anxiety, check out Dr. Wanders' article.
想要了解更多关于恐慌和焦虑的症状和信息，请查看Wanders博士的文章。
4. Panic attacks are more sudden.
4. 恐慌症发作更突然。
Symptoms of anxiety attack tend to show themselves gradually when exposed to a trigger
焦虑症发作的症状往往会在受到诱发事件时逐渐显现出来
when anxiety disorder becomes long-term though,
当焦虑症变成长期疾病时，
symptoms can become so constant that it can be hard to tell when they begin and end.
症状会变得很频繁，以至于很难判断它们何时开始，何时结束。
Anxiety may also begin to cause more intrusive symptoms that occur more frequently when stressors are not actually present.
焦虑症也可能开始导致逐步恶化的症状，即使没有应激源，这些症状的发生也会更加频繁。
A psychologist would likely consider this to be a symptom of anxiety disorder.
心理学家可能会认为这是焦虑症的症状，
According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America,
根据美国焦虑和抑郁协会，
panic attacks are much more distinct. Symptoms come on suddenly and noticeably rather than building up gradually over time.
恐慌症发作更为明显。症状的发作突然且明显，而不是随着时间的推移逐渐积累的。
The acute nature of panic symptoms such as chest pain and shortness of breath
如胸痛和呼吸短促等急性的恐慌症状
have led many to mistake their symptoms for a heart attack.
会让很多人误认为这是心脏病发作的症状。
Luckily, panic attacks are not life-threatening and will often resolve on its own in a fairly short amount of time.
幸运的是，恐慌症发作通常不会有生命危险，且通常会在相当短的时间内自行消退。
5. Panic attacks can leave you feeling unreal and out of control.
5. 恐慌症发作会让你感到不真实和失控。
For many, the scariest symptoms of a panic attack aren't the physical sensations but the mental unrest.
对许多人来说，恐慌症发作最可怕的症状不是身体上的感觉，而是精神上的不安。
In an article for the National Alliance on Mental Illness,
在美国精神暨心理疾病联盟的一篇文章中，
writer Jenny Mary recounts her own personal experiences with these symptoms.
作家珍妮·玛丽讲述了她自己与这些症状的个人经历。
She describes derealization as feeling withdrawn from one surroundings as if the world isn't real.
她将现实感丧失描述成一种对周围环境的孤立感，好像这个世界不是真实的。
Depersonalization, on the other hand, is closer to an out-of-body experience
另一方面，人格解体更接近与灵魂出窍的体验
in which a person feels separated from his own self.
即一个人感到与自己本体的分离。
Jenny didn't learn that this disorientation was also part of panic disorder until she had worked through her symptoms.
直到珍妮克服了这些症状，她才知道这种定向障碍也是恐慌症的一部分。
But once she learned that her experiences were not as unusual as they felt
但当她认识到自己的经历很常见时
she began to have the peace of mind that allowed her to share her experiences in this article and throughout her life.
她开始有了平静的心态，让她可以在这篇文章中分享她的经历，并贯穿她的一生。
To summarize: the main difference between anxiety and panic disorder are
总结：焦虑症和恐慌症的主要区别是
anxiety last longer, panic is specific while anxiety is more general,
焦虑症持续更长，恐慌症是特定的，而焦虑症更普遍，
panic and anxiety have different symptoms with anxiety involving symptoms like irritability,
恐慌症和焦虑症症状不同，焦虑症的症状有易怒，
while panic attacks can include shaking, chest pain and increased heart rate and even numbness
而恐慌症发作包括颤抖、胸痛、心率加快甚至麻木
and lastly panic attacks are more sudden. Hopefully, you found this video helpful.
最后，恐慌症发作更为突然。希望这个视频对你有帮助。
Be sure to subscribe and comment below to suggest topics you would like to see us cover.
请在下方订阅并在下方评论提出你想看的话题。
