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大家好！欢迎来到脑洞大开的生命奇想！
A huge misunderstanding around Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is that it's most prevalent in military personnel and veterans, but based on calculations from government data, about 90% of people with PTSD have never been to war.
关于创伤后应激障碍有一个巨大误解：它在军人和退伍军人中最为普遍。但根据政府数据的计算，大约90%的创伤后应激障碍患者从未参加过战争。
Instead, they are survivors of abuse and assault, car accidents, natural disasters, and other forms of trauma.
相反，他们经历过虐待和攻击、车祸、自然灾害和其他形式的创伤。
This condition affects their everyday lives, which begs the question, What is it like to Have PTSD? In any given year, about 8 million Americans deal with this condition.
这种情况影响了他们的日常生活，这就引出了一个问题，PTSD是什么样的体验？一年里，大约有800万美国人患有这种疾病。
It can arise after significant trauma and cause flashbacks, severe anxiety, nightmares, and extreme sadness.
它可能在严重的创伤后出现，引起闪回，严重的焦虑，噩梦和极度的悲伤。
People with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder can feel emotionally numb, even with those they're close to.
有创伤后应激障碍的人会感觉情感麻木，即使和他们亲近的人在一起也是如此。
They might have trouble sleeping, get startled easily, and lose interest in their passions. It can affect someone's work, home and social life.
他们可能难以入睡，容易受到惊吓，对自己喜欢的东西失去兴趣。它会影响一个人的工作、家庭和社交生活。
After a traumatic event, most people heal fully in a few weeks or months, but those who don't can go on to develop PTSD.
在创伤事件后，大多数人会在几周或几个月内完全痊愈，但那些没有痊愈的人会继续发展成创伤后应激障碍。
The condition could arise right after the event or show up years later. It can occur at any age and last anywhere from one month to several years.
这种情况可能在事件发生后立即出现，或在数年后出现。它可以发生在任何年龄，并持续一个月到几年。
One of the main defining characteristics of PTSD is the flashbacks, also called intrusive memories.
创伤后精神紧张性精神障碍的主要特征之一是闪回，也称为侵入性记忆。
These experiences seemingly bring the individual back to the moments of trauma. While they may not visually see what they experienced, they feel it all over again.
这些经历似乎将人带回了创伤时刻。虽然他们可能看不到自己所经历的事情，但他们会重新体验。
These flashbacks can come out of nowhere or be brought on by a trigger.
这些闪回可以是凭空出现的，也可以是触发的。
For example, if you got shot outside a convenience store, a car backfiring may remind you of the gunshot and bring you right back to that horrific moment.
例如，如果你在便利店外被枪击，汽车回火会让你想起枪击事件，让你回到那个可怕的时刻。
People with PTSD may stay away from people, places or activities that remind them of the trauma to avoid being triggered.
创伤后应激障碍患者可能会远离那些提醒他们创伤的人、地点或活动，以免被触发。
Other defense mechanisms come into play subconsciously with PTSD. People may have trouble remembering major parts of a trauma experience and even repress memories completely.
其他的防御机制在PTSD患者的潜意识中起作用。人们可能很难记住创伤经历的主要部分，甚至完全压抑记忆。
It's thought that this could be the brain's way of protecting someone from the traumatic memories.
人们认为这可能是大脑保护人们免受创伤记忆伤害的一种方式。
This could mean that someone might not remember being shot outside that convenience store at all. There are a number of differences in brains of people with PTSD.
这可能意味着有人可能根本不记得在便利店外被枪击。PTSD患者的大脑有很多不同。
The amygdala, which is tied to fear processing, and the left hippocampus, which is partially responsible for memories, are smaller in people with PTSD.
PTSD患者大脑中与恐惧处理有关的扁桃体和部分负责记忆的左海马体较小。
It's also thought that the brain's Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis can't regulate stress hormones properly, contributing to PTSD symptoms and causing intense waves of stress, fear, and depression.
人们还认为，大脑的下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴不能适当地调节应激激素，从而导致PTSD症状，并导致紧张、恐惧和抑郁的剧烈波动。
Other physical effects of PTSD can be found in the neural, endocrine and immune systems.
创伤后精神紧张性精神障碍的其他物理症状可以在神经、内分泌和免疫系统中发现。
This disorder has even been directly linked to increased incidences of autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal disorders and infertility.
这种疾病甚至与自身免疫性疾病、心血管疾病、肌肉骨骼疾病和不育症的发病率增加直接相关。
Anyone who has experienced a trauma is susceptible to PTSD.
任何经历过创伤的人都容易患上创伤后应激障碍。
But people with childhood trauma, poor support systems, or history of mental illness or substance abuse are all at increased risk of developing PTSD...
但是，童年创伤、缺乏抚养体系、有精神病史或药物滥用史的人患PTSD的风险更高……
Women and girls are also more likely to experience sexual abuse or assault, which can be a contributing factor to this huge influx of female PTSD.
女性和女孩也更容易遭受性虐待或性侵犯，这可能是女性PTSD大量出现的一个因素。
Unfortunately, societal support for PTSD survivors is lacking, especially for those outside the military, but getting help is crucial.
不幸的是，社会对创伤后精神紧张性精神障碍的幸存者缺乏支持，尤其是对那些不在军队中的人，但是获得帮助是至关重要的。
You can reduce the risk of developing PTSD after a traumatic event by seeking out support from loved ones, support groups and professionals. You will be okay.
通过寻求亲人、支持团体和专业人士的支持，你可以降低创伤后应激障碍的风险。你会没事的。
Links to free resources are down in the description below. Are there any other conditions you'd like us to explore? Let us know in the comment section below.
下面的描述中有免费资源的链接。你还有什么其他疾病需要我们研究吗？请在下面的评论部分告诉我们。
And if you wanna watch more, check out the video did on what it's like to be deaf.
如果你想多看点的话，看看这段关于失聪的视频。
As always, my name is Blocko! This has been Life Noggin! Don't forget to Keep On Thinking!
我是宝高，这里是脑洞大开的生命奇想！思考不要停！
