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Instead of blocking the road entirely, planners used fences to funnel wildlife towards the crossing structures, which were planted with native vegetation.
道路规划者们选择了用围栏将动物们导流到种植着天然植被的路口设施处，而非用围栏将道路彻底隔绝起来，
A few species, like deer, elk, and moose, immediately started using them and were followed by more skeptical species, like wolves and grizzlies.
鹿，麋鹿和驼鹿等少数物种立刻就将这些设施利用起来了，后来，狼和灰熊等警惕性更高的物种也陆陆续续加入了进来。
Within a few decades, even the most reluctant species, like lynx, had adapted to using the crossings.
不到几十年的时间，就连最不情愿的猞猁等动物也适应了从这些路口通行。
In 2012, a male grizzly was recorded crossing the structures 66 times in one summer.
2012年的夏天，一头雄性灰熊穿过路口设施的次数多达66次。
By crossing the highway, the bear's habitat expanded to include potential mates on the other side of the road, which decreases the likelihood of inbreeding.
能够穿越高速公路之后，熊的栖地扩大了，它们得以接近道路另一侧的潜在配偶，近亲繁殖的几率便会下降。
What we've been able to show is that, by having these overpasses and underpasses in place,
我们能够证明的是，通过设立这些立交桥和地下通道，
we've restored genetic connectivity across the highway here in Banff National Park.
我们恢复了班夫国家公园高速公路两侧动物们的血缘关系。
Wildlife crossing structures are fairly common in some parts of the world, particularly in Western European countries like the Netherlands.
野生动物路口设施在世界的某些地方已经相当普遍，特别是在荷兰等西欧国家。
But there are relatively few in North America.
但在北美还相对较少。
And the success of the Banff crossings has encouraged similar projects in the United States,
加拿大班夫过境点的成功也鼓励了美国建设类似的项目，
like this rendering of an overpass being built in Washington State.
比如华盛顿州修的这座立交桥。
And in 2012, The Wyoming Department of Transportation built an overpass that reconnected an ancient migration route of the pronghorn antelope.
2012年，怀俄明州交通局建了一座立交桥，重新连通了叉角羚羊旧时的迁徙路线。
So, if these crossings are improving safety and restoring habitats, why aren't they everywhere?
那么问题来了，如果这些过境点已经在提高动物的安全性，恢复它们的栖息地，它们为什么还是没有普及开来呢？
"Probably the biggest factor that would limit construction of wildlife crossings is cost
限制野生动物通行设施的建设的最大原因可能是成本，
and having the funding within the transportation agency budgets to build these wildlife crossing structures.."
以及给运输代理公司修建这些设施的资金是否到位……”
Structures can save money in the long run, but the initial investment is significant.
从长远来看，这些设施的确能够省钱，但最初的投资金额也不小。
Constructing an overpass like this one in Banff typically costs several millions of dollars.
修建一座班夫这样的天桥通常需要数百万美元的资金。
So to create more cost-effective solutions,
因此，为了寻求更经济的解决方案，
Clevenger organized a design competition with a group of experts that included ecologist Nina-Marie Lister.
Clevenger和包括生态学家Nina-Marie Lister在内的一群专家组织了一场设计竞赛。
They named it "ARC": short for "animal road crossing".
他们将其命名为“ARC”：即“动物路口”的缩写。
Our argument was: For the money that was spent, you could be getting a lot more value if you designed them specifically for the target client,
我们的想法是：投资的那些钱，如果能够基于目标客户进行针对性的设计，就能达到事半功倍的效果，
which is wildlife and humans driving underneath them.
而我们的目标客户就是野生动物和在地下通行的人。
Instead of adapting traditional plans from highway engineers, ARC encouraged different stakeholders to collaborate on structure design.
ARC没有采纳高速工程师们的传统方案，而是鼓励利益攸关者们联合起来进行设计。
"There had to be a landscape architect, an architect, and an engineer, as well as ecologist.
“这个设计任务需要景观设计师，建筑师，工程师以及生态学家的通力合作。”
And so for the first time ever, you had a very different way of designing a structure and we asked for them to be ecologically sustainable.
我们这种设计方式是前所未有的，而且，我们希望设计出来的方案具有生态可持续性。
They had to consider materials that were recyclable, reusable, or modular and moveable.
所以，设计者们必须考虑使用可回收，可重复使用，模块化和可移动的材料。
The contest was a success and ARC generated groundbreaking solutions,
竞赛最后大获成功，诞生了许多突破性的解决方案，
including a winning design that reduced costs and improved safety by removing the need for pillars on the highway."
其中一个获奖设计取消了高速公路上的桥墩，不仅降低了成本，还提高了安全性。
The cost of that overpass was about 30-35% cheaper than overpasses that were being built at the same time in Banff National Park.
这种天桥的成本比班夫国家公园同期修建的天桥便宜了30-35％。
The state of Colorado agreed to build the design,
科罗拉多州同意了落实这一设计，
but more immediate needs, including a flooding event in 2013, have prevented development....
但2013年的洪水事件等临时状况导致他们迟迟没有动工......
"you can see entire roads washed out."
“我们可以看到，整条路都被冲垮了。”
The design was never built, but that doesn't mean it won't be.
这一设计一直都为落实，但这并不代表将来也不会。
As climate change strains ecosystems and reduces habitats,
随着气候变化使生态系统变得日益紧张，动物们的栖地也越来越小，
animals will change their patterns of movement and the need for effective crossings will become even more acute.
动物们将会改变它们的活动规律，设立有效的路口就会变得愈加的刻不容缓。
To solve the problem, Lister hopes that planners will return to the ARC designs, which remain viable solutions.
为解决这个问题，Lister希望规划人员能够重拾在今天依然可行的ARC设计。
These things work and they solve the problem once and for all.
这些办法真的管用，而且能够一劳永逸地解决问题。
So if you build a network of these bridges that connect in the right places,
所以，如果我们在正确的地点修建一个天桥网络，
you've solved the problem for good.
我们就能彻底解决这个问题。
It's done, problem solved.
就这么简单。
