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【预读段落】
Economic and financial indicators
Cigarette prices
Cigarettes are most expensive in high-income countries
The average price of a pack of cigarettes (adjusted for purchasing power) was $4.87 last year, according to the World Health Organisation. Excise tax, value-added tax and custom duties account for most of the price variation around the world: the non-tax share of the retail price is fairly similar. In high-income countries, where cigarettes are most expensive, taxes make up on average 65% of the total price. Tax accounts for over half the price in almost 80% of high-income countries, compared with around 50% of middle-income countries and less than 20% of low-income countries. The WHO reckons there is ample scope to raise taxes on tobacco products, which is also the best way to reduce consumption.
【精讲文本】
The average price of a pack of cigarettes (adjusted for purchasing power) was $4.87 last year, according to the World Health Organisation. Excise tax, value-added tax and custom duties account for most of the price variation around the world: the non-tax share of the retail price is fairly similar.
据世界卫生组织的数据，去年一包香烟的平均价格（依据购买力调整后）为4.87美元。全世界范围内，香烟价格存在差异大多是由于消费税、增值税以及关税不同，零售价格中无税的部分相当接近。
pack n.包装 （a pack of 一盒）
- pack v.打包
adjust v.调整
purchase v.购买 （buy）
- purchasing power
excise （tax）n. 消费税
- An excise imposed on a number of goods.
duty (tax) n. 进口税
- duty-free 免税
account for 导致
variation n.变动
retail n.零售
fairly adv.非常地sease.
-It’s a fairly common disease.
In high-income countries, where cigarettes are most expensive, taxes make up on average 65% of the total price. Tax accounts for over half the price in almost 80% of high-income countries, compared with around 50% of middle-income countries and less than 20% of low-income countries. The WHO reckons there is ample scope to raise taxes on tobacco products, which is also the best way to reduce consumption.
香烟在高收入国家价格最高，税金平均占总价的65%。在近80%的高收入国家中，税金占香烟售价的一半以上，而在中等收入国家及低收入国家，这一比重分别为50%左右和不到20%。世界卫生组织认为仍有充足的空间来提高烟草制品的税收，而这也是减少相关消费的最佳途径。
make up 组成，占比 = account for
reckon v.认为，预测
- I reckon that we have to leave early.
- He reckons the height of a building.
ample adj.充足的，富裕的
- They have ample money for the trip.
scope n.范围，空间
tobacco n.香烟
consumption n.消耗
- consume v.消耗，吃
【写作素材总结】
Key takeaways:
1. account for …
2. Someone reckons there is ample scope to …
n. 零售
vt. 零售，传述
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