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The Polish capital of Warsaw lies in the central-eastern part of Poland.
波兰的首都——华沙位于波兰中部以东。
It stands on the Vistula River on the site of a 14th century stronghold and trading center.
这一十四世纪的城堡和贸易中心就坐落于维斯瓦河河畔。
Warsaw has for centuries been a center of refinement and knowledge.
数百年来，华沙一直是精致的工艺与文化的殿堂。
Its strategic position has also made it one of the most invaded countries in Europe.
而波兰的战略位置也使其成为了全欧洲最常被入侵的国家之一。
This is a city that resonates with a powerful spirit of reinvention, a spirit that has been forged from a history that has pushed it to the brink of destruction time and time again.
这座城市也在一次次濒临绝境的历史进程中，塑造了华沙强大的重建力量和不服输的精神。
Today’s Warsaw has been largely shaped by two of history’s most defining events, World War Two, and the closing of the Iron Curtain.
现如今的华沙曾深受两大历史性事件的影响，第二次世界大战及铁幕的倒塌。
But Warsaw is a survivor, and from the ashes of war and the shackles of Communism, the city has risen again.
此城涅槃重生，即使面对满天战火及共产主义的重重枷锁，依旧奋而求生，再度崛起。
Tributes to this heroic history are dotted throughout the city, but there is a youthful rebirth here too.
这段辉煌历史的痕迹遍布整个城市，然而，华沙也有新兴的一面。
With a burgeoning fashion scene, stylish shopping malls and edgy art installations, Warsaw has opened its arms to the world.
藉由时装界的蓬勃发展，前卫的购物中心以及各种棱角分明的艺术设计，华沙展开双臂欢迎各地游客的到访。
The true heart of Warsaw is its Old Town, a stunning tribute to the city’s will to survive and rebuild.
华沙真正的核心所在非老城区莫属，因为这里别具一格的代表着其求生与重建的决心。
This is where, in the dying days of the second world war, brave locals launched the Warsaw Uprising, one of the most heroic resistance actions ever seen against the Nazis.
在二战乱世期间，英勇的当地人以此为据点发动了有史以来最为壮烈的“华沙起义”以抵抗纳粹的入侵。
In retaliation, the Nazis almost completely destroyed the city.
纳粹为了报复，几乎将整个城市夷为平地。
The opulent Royal Castle, in Castle Square which served as the seat of power for Polish Kings for many centuries
位于城堡广场上的皇家城堡，数个世纪以来都是代表波兰国王权力的驻地，
was one of the countless buildings that were systematically destroyed, many by dynamite.
也是与市内无数的建筑一样在二战期间遭到了重创。
Before the detonations, however, and at enormous personal risk, museum staff and civilians managed to save a number of the castle’s treasures.
在遭遇袭击前，工作人员与市民们冒着生命危险想方设法从城堡中将大量宝藏进行了转移。
After the war, much of the Old Town was painstakingly rebuilt using 18th century paintings as a reference.
战后，参照着18世纪的设计图纸，历经重重艰辛老城区才得以重建。
In front of the castle is King Sigismund’s Column. Badly damaged but restored, at the end of the war, this is another symbol of the city’s resurrection.
城堡前面矗立着西吉斯蒙德圆柱以纪念齐格蒙特三世。在战争期间虽遭遇损毁又幸而得以重建，也成为了华沙浴火重生的地标性建筑。
One of the few statues not destroyed by the German army, is the nearby Syrena or mermaid statue.
附近的美人鱼雕像是为数不多的未受到德军损毁的雕像。
The symbol and protector of Warsaw, the mermaid has been on the city’s coat of arms for centuries.
数个世纪以来，美人鱼一直是华沙的象征，亦是华沙的守护神。
The Old Town is also home to some of Warsaw’s beautiful cathedrals.
华沙诸多精美的大教堂也都坐落于老城区。
Visit St Johns Cathedral and St Anne’s Church, whose interior miraculously survived the war.
圣约翰大教堂与圣安娜大教堂虽历经战火，但其内部的装饰等都奇迹般地保存了下来。
From the tower at the top of the stone stairs, the Warsaw skyline spreads out before you.
沿着石梯拾阶而上登至塔顶，华沙的天际线仿佛就在您眼前。
On the northern side of the Old Town Square is the Warsaw Museum, a keeping place of the city’s dramatic stories.
老城广场的北侧则是华沙博物馆，在此为您娓娓道来此城往昔跌宕起伏的故事。
Visit the beautiful Warsaw University which served as military barracks for the German army.
漂亮庄严的华沙大学当时被德军占领据为军营。
During the occupation, education was mostly outlawed, but an underground secret university emerged.
在占领期间，教育全然被禁，却因而促成了秘密的“地下大学”的诞生。
More than 3,000 students continued their lessons throughout the occupation in homes around the city, but many paid the ultimate price.
在华沙被占领期间，3000多名学生无视战火连天，仍在家中继续坚持学业，但不幸的是亦有许多人因而付出了沉痛的代价。
Their fate was shared by millions of Poles during the Second World War and Warsaw has a number of powerful monuments honouring the nation’s loss.
二战期间，上百万波兰人亦是如此英年早逝，因此，华沙市内建立了众多纪念碑以悼念国殇。
The POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews is built on the site that was once the infamous Warsaw ghetto.
波兰犹太人历史博物馆的原址曾为华沙市内臭名昭著的贫民窟。
Here, more than 400,000 men, women and children were incarcerated in just less than one and a half square miles.
不论男女老少，40多万人屈居于不足1.5平方英里的狭小空间中。
Nearby, the Warsaw Uprising Monument and the Warsaw Rising Museum pay tribute to one of the bravest chapters of the city’s long history.
不远处的华沙起义纪念碑和和华沙起义博物馆内，展示了华沙悠久历史中最为壮丽的一章。
