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Hey there! Welcome to Life Noggin.
大家好！欢迎来到脑洞大开的生命奇想！
The human brain is an incredibly complex organ, it makes you who you are!
人类的大脑是一个极其复杂的器官，它使你成为你自己！
But sometimes, according to psychologists, your brain can take that sense of self -- your personality -- into pieces -- making you seem like you're more than one person.
但是，根据心理学家的说法，有时候，你的大脑会把这种自我意识——你的个性——变成碎片——让你看起来好像不止一个人。
This is called Dissociative Identity Disorder, it used to be called Multiple Personality Disorder, but not anymore.
这被称为分离性身份障碍，它曾经被称为多重人格障碍。
Two out of every 100 people experience a feeling of having more than one personality, at least once in their lives; usually it's not serious.
每100个人中就有两个人经历过不止一种人格的感觉，至少曾经是这样；通常不是很严重。
Very few people show up into at psychologist's office because multiple personalities (called alters) are causing problems.
很少有人因为多重人格（被称为“变动身份”）引发问题去看心理医生。
To get this disorder you'd have to have two or more identities that can take control of your behavior, and they have to have different memories and feelings of self.
得了这种障碍，通常有两个或更多的身份来控制行为，他们有不同的记忆和自我感觉。
There are only a few people who've actually been documented with this psychological condition, but you've probably heard of it thanks to movies and television!
据文献记载，只有少数人有这种心理状态。但你可能早就听说过了，因为电影和电视里总是出现！
In the movies, character's multiple personalities can talk to each other, but in real life, only the single personality can talk.
在电影中，角色的多重人格可以相互交谈，但在现实生活中，只有一个人格能说话。
Think of D.I.D. as multiple people trying to share one single phone. Only one can talk at a time, and when one has the phone, the others can't hear anything.
把分离性身份障碍想象成这样的场景：很多人都想共用一部手机，一次只能有一个人说话，当一个人拿起电话时，其他人什么也听不到。
This is why psychologists often find people with D.I.D. have gaps in their memory, when the alters are in charge of their body, they don't remember anything!
这就是为什么心理学家经常发现有分离性身份障碍的人记忆中有空白，当变动身份出现时，他们什么都不记得了！
No one really knows exactly why someone's personality would fragment like this. But it's a hot debate in the mental health field!
没有人确切地知道为什么一个人的人格会这样破碎。但心理健康领域为此展开激烈辩论！
The manual for psychologists, called the DSM, says it could be caused by trauma during childhood, but some psychiatrists think D.I.D. doesn't exist at all.
根据心理学家手册DSM，这可能是由于童年时期的创伤造成的，但一些精神病学家认为分离性身份障碍根本不存在。
Instead, they think it's a product of the stories we read and see.
相反，他们认为这是我们阅读和看到的故事造成的。
In the 1950s, a best-selling book had a character with multiple personalities, and psychologists saw many patients believing they had them too.
在20世纪50年代，一本畅销书中，一个角色有多重人格，然后很多心理学家的病人认为自己也有。
It happens again and again, with the last personality fad popping up in the 1990s as Hollywood released dozens of movies with dissociative identities in them.
这种事一遍又一遍地发生，最近的一次发生在上世纪90年代，好莱坞发行了几十部有关离解身份的电影，掀起人格风潮。
On the other hand, studies have scanned the brains of patients, and measured their skin's ability to conduct electricity -- and found that they might change depending on the alter in control. So, the jury is still out.
另一方面，有研究扫描了病人的大脑，并测量了他们皮肤的导电能力，并发现这些可能会因出现的变动身份而改变。所以，尘埃尚未落定。
The reason psychologists call them alters and not personalities, is because the patients don't really have two or three or five separate personalities inside one head, instead it's a single personality broken into pieces, like fragments of dish that's been broken.
心理学家称其为“变动身份”而非“人格”，是因为患者并没有在一个头脑中有两个、三个、或者五个独立人格，而是一个单一的人格分裂成碎片，就像被打破的盘子碎片一样。
Each alter has a part of the single personality. Meaning each alter might have a different mood, age, level of education, name or even gender.
每一个变动身份都是一个人格的一部分。意思是每个变动身份可能有不同的情绪、年龄、教育程度、名字甚至性别。
The alters are having trouble working together to make a whole person. But each alone has their own experiences, memories and mannerisms.
这些变动身份没办法共同形成一个完整的人。但每个变动身份都有自己的经历、记忆和行为。
Picture a man named Jared who has Dissociative Identity Disorder.
想象一个叫贾里德的人，他有分离性身份障碍。
Jared could have one alter that is a woman who needs glasses, a second who is an old British man, and a third who is a toddler that cries all the time!
贾里德可能有一个变动身份，是一个需要眼镜的女人，第二个是一个老英国男人，第三个是一个一直哭的小孩！
Jared might experience all of these fragments in his head at the same time, or not, he could hear their voices or not, he might even have amnesia if one of the alters took over!
所有这些碎片可能会同时出现在贾里德的脑袋里，也肯能不会，他能听到他们的声音，也可能不会，如果有一个占了上风，他甚至可能会失忆！
Unfortunately for patients with D.I.D., just like a broken bowl, there's always one big piece.
就像一个破碎的碗，总是有一块大的碎片。患有分离性身份障碍的患者非常不幸。
The biggest personality, the main person, would probably feel very depressed and sad, would have memory loss from when the fragments took over, and could carry a lot of guilt and stress because of it.
最大的人格，也就是主要的人格，可能会感到非常沮丧和悲伤；当变动身份接管时，会有记忆丧失；并且会因为它而背负大量的内疚情绪和压力。
In the end, psychologists will keep an eye out for patients who have more than one personality (one woman claimed to have 162), but for most of us, we'll have to be satisfied with the one we've got.
最后，心理学家会密切关注那些拥有不止一种人格的患者(一位女性声称拥有162种人格)，但对我们大多数人来说，我们必须对我们这一个人格感到满意。
This video was written by our good friend Trace Dominguez. He just made a series on Fake News, which you should totally check out.
这个视频是我们的好朋友Trace Dominguez写的。他刚做了一个关于假新闻的系列视频，你们应该去看看。
In the 14th century the Catholic Church used to take documents that they had made to lay claim to land throughout Europe.
14世纪，天主教会用伪造的文件夺取了欧洲的很多土地。
The document itself was actually fake. The church had faked it in order to get the land, which is one of the earliest examples of fake news.
文件本身实际上是假的。为了得到土地，教会伪造了文件，这是最早的假新闻的例子之一。
As always, my name is Blocko. This has been Life Noggin. Don't forget to keep on thinking!
我是宝高，这里是脑洞大开的生命奇想。思考不要停！
