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Now lets move on to discuss the association between sugars and cancers and the research behind them.
下面我们来继续讨论糖和癌症之间的关系，以及一些相关研究
The western diet that features food that are energy dense
西方饮食以能量丰富的食物为主，
meaning that calories from these foods are from saturated fat, sugars,
也就意味着这些食物中的卡路里来源于饱和脂肪和糖
other fine carbohydrates and have a high proportion of animal proteins.
以及其他精糖类，并且含有丰富的动物性蛋白质，
Most of the processed foods we purchase are considered energy dense
我们购买的大部分精加工食品都含有大量的能量
because they are filled with fat and sugars and limited nutrients such as vitamins and minerals.
因为富含脂肪和糖，但是维生素和矿物质等营养含量却极低
Some processed foods within the western diet also have a higher glycemic index score.
一些西方饮食中的精加工食品也有非常高的甘油指数
Because they cause a sharp increase in blood sugar levels, then a sharp decrease.
因为它们能够导致血糖的骤增，然后骤减
These foods play a part in the increase in obesity
这些食物都会增加西方人患肥胖的几率
and body fatness in the western world and also increasing the rate of type II diabetes.
同时也增加罹患二型糖尿病的几率
These health problems have been associated with an increased risk in several types of cancer.
而这些健康疾病与多种癌症的发病率也息息相关
Foods with a high glycemic index score are associated with insulin resistance
甘油指数极高的食品与胰岛素抵抗有关，
which is associated with hyper glycemia and hyper insulemia.
会引起甘油含量过高和胰岛素含量过高
Hyper glycemia is to have high circulating blood sugar levels.
甘油含量过高会引起血液中的血糖含量上升
And hyper insulemia is to have high circulating insulin levels.
而胰岛素含量过高则会引起胰岛素偏高
High circulating insulin levels have been associated with an increased risk of colo-rectal,
过高的循环胰岛素水平与结肠，直肠癌，
pancreatic and endometrial cancer.
胰腺癌以及子宫癌都有很大关系
Insulin is a hormone that responds to the consumption of carbohydrates
胰岛素是一种荷尔蒙，它能够帮助碳水化合物的吸收，
and communicates with body tissues on when to absorb the carbohydrates.
并且帮助协调身体组织吸收碳水化合物
The severe blockage of this communication channel,
而一旦胰岛素和身体组织沟通的通道被阻碍，
also called insulin resistance is called type II diabetes mellitus.
人就会罹患胰岛素抗拒，也就是二型糖尿病
Type II diabetes is associated with an increase in pancreas, endometrial, colon, liver and kidney cancer.
二型糖尿病与胰腺癌，子宫癌，肺癌和肾癌都有密切关系
High sucrose or sugar consumption has a possible association with colon cancer.
过高的蔗糖或糖摄入量或许与大肠癌息息相关
A study that associated high sucrose consumption with colon cancer studied mice
一项实验曾研究高蔗糖摄入量和大肠癌之间的关系，
that were fed a diet of corn starch or sucrose.
实验者给小白鼠喂食玉米杆或蔗糖
Mice fed the sucrose diet had a high rate of tumours in the small intestines
结果喂食蔗糖的小鼠与喂食玉米杆的小鼠相比
and the colon compared to the cornstarch group.
罹患小肠癌和大肠癌的几率都更高
The charts above show this result.
以上的表格就显示了实验结果
The blue bars represent the sucrose condition and the white bars represents the corn starch condition.
蓝色的条形代表蔗糖情况，白色的条形则代表玉米杆情况
The exact mechanism is unclear but the researchers concluded that
具体的机制仍无法确定，但是研究者认为
there is an association between high sucrose consumption and tumours in the small intestine and colon region.
高蔗糖摄入量和小肠以及大肠癌之间有着密切的关系
In addition mice fed sucrose diets had higher body weights,
除此之外，喂食蔗糖的小鼠与喂食玉米杆的小鼠相比，
blood sugar levels and insulin levels compared to cornstarch fed mice.
体重更大，血糖和胰岛素水平也更高
Which is evident that high sucrose consumption is a factor in the increased risk of obesity and type II diabetes.
这个证据表明，蔗糖的摄入会增加肥胖和二型糖尿病的发病率
