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I mean if you look at so many crime novels nowadays,
如果你现在看过很多犯罪小说
you find it's the same thing.
你会发现万变不离其宗
You get one bright detective who is often socially dysfunctional
其中必定有一个以各种方式与社会格格不入的
in various ways.
聪明侦探
And he's got a sidekick who you'd much rather talked to him in a way
而他有一个让你觉得更好搭话的助手
you'd feel more relaxed to it.
让你感觉更放松
And who is very useful for asking these sorts of
同时，他很适合去问那种需要
slightly slow questions that help people to keep up.
娓娓道来的问题，留给读者思考的时间
I mean you just see it all the time.
我觉得这是反复使用的套路
Agatha Christie developed it.
阿加莎·克里斯蒂继承了它
You have Poirot.
我们有了白罗神探
Then you've got people like the policeman Japp
然后是杰普侦探
and Hastings in Agatha Christie and so and so.
和黑斯廷等等，都出现在阿加莎·克里斯蒂的书里
It's a formula this has really lasted.
这种手法得到了真正的延续
The other element is that there's usually
另一种套路是通常有
an incompetent bunch of policemen
一群不称职的警察
who are out on the fringes of things as well,
他们是小说中的配角
working in the wrong direction.
将推理带到错误的方向
Lestrade in the Sherlock Holmes stories,
比如在夏洛克·福尔摩斯故事中的雷斯垂德
Inspector Japp in Agatha Christie,
阿加莎·克里斯蒂小说里的杰普探长
Strange in the Colin Dexter Morse novels.
科林·德克斯特的莫尔斯小说中的斯特恩治
And then after all of this, there is a surprisingly going indeed
之后写作套路发生了惊人的改变
an astonishing conclusion whose satisfaction comes from
这源于结论:读者的满足感来自
a virtuous sifting of real clues from red herrings.
通过有效筛选从各种误导中得到真正的线索
The major components of this kind of fictions appeal
这种小说的吸引力主要来自
is the reader being tantalized and baffled,
让读者对情节感到着急和迷惑
and finally discovering whether his or her hunches
最终发现他或她的直觉
were right or hopelessly wrong.
是对的还是完全错误的
And it's a fictional blue print that has proved
这种小说构思
just enormously appealing to huge numbers of people.
吸引了大批的读者
The poet W.H. Auden who once wrote a famous essay
诗人W.H.奥登曾写了一篇著名的文章
about crime fiction and its appeal,
关于犯罪小说与它的吸引力
called The Guilty Vicarage, said:
书名叫，罪恶的牧师之家说道:
"For me, as for many others, the reading of detective stories is
"对于包括我在内的很多人，侦探小说
an addiction like tobacco or alcohol."
就像是烟和酒，让人上瘾"
And the writer who whips this addiction up into an absolutely frenzy
有个作家让这股瘾变成了癫狂
was the most prolificly ingenious practitioner of it, Agatha Christie.
那就是最具独创性的实践者阿加莎·克里斯蒂
who by 1980 was the world's third bestselling author,
截止到1980年，她的小说销售量全球第三
after Shakespeare and the Bible.
排在莎士比亚和，圣经，后面
Like Conan Doyle,
与柯南·道尔类似
Agatha Christie wasn't entirely a pioneer.
阿加莎·克里斯蒂不完全是一个先驱
Just as he borrowed from Edgar Allan Poe,
就像柯南·道尔借鉴了埃德加·爱伦·坡
she borrowed from him.
她借鉴了柯南·道尔
She was a greater admirer of the Sherlock Holmes stories
她对夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事非常赞赏
which actually the later one overlapped
她的文学生涯一开始
with the start of her own literary career.
便与福尔摩斯发生了重叠
And if you look at the first Agatha Christie novel
如果你去看阿加莎·克里斯蒂的第一部小说
The Mysterious Affair at Styles which she wrote in 1917,
写于1917年的，斯泰尔斯庄园奇案
and it was published in 1920.
1920年出版
If you look at it,
如果你读过它
it is astonishing how much it owns to
你会惊奇的发现，它同第一部
the first Sherlock Holmes novella A Study in Scarlet.
夏洛克·福尔摩斯小说，血字的研究，是多么的相似
