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电脑芯片--加载中,请稍后(上)

时间:2021-06-19 13:23:00 编辑:Vicki 可可英语APP下载 | 可可官方微信:ikekenet

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Computer chips
电脑芯片

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The global chip shortage is here for some time
全球芯片短缺将持续一段时间

FOR WANT of a chip, the factory was lost. On May 18th Toyota became the latest carmaker forced to cut production amid a global shortage of microchips, announcing it would suspend work at two of its plants in Japan.
由于缺少芯片，工厂一筹莫展。5月18日，丰田宣布将暂停其在日本的两家工厂的工作，成为最新一家因全球微芯片短缺而被迫减产的汽车制造商。

Firms including Ford, General Motors and Jaguar Land Rover have also had to send workers home.
包括福特、通用汽车和捷豹路虎在内的公司也不得不让员工回家。

The pain is not confined to the car industry, for the shortage spans all sorts of chips, from the expensive, high-tech devices that power smartphones and data centres
疼痛并不局限于汽车行业，因为这种短缺涉及各种芯片，从为智能手机和数据中心供电的昂贵高科技设备，

to the simple sensors and microcontrollers that have become a vital commodity, scattered across everything from cars to washing machines, and often costing just a few cents each.
到已成为重要商品的简单传感器和微控制器。后者广泛应用于汽车和洗衣机等各种产品，单个成本往往仅需几美分。

In the past few weeks companies including Foxconn, Nintendo and Samsung have warned of hits to production, affecting everything from smartphones and games consoles to televisions and home broadband routers.
过去几周，富士康、任天堂和三星等公司都发出了生产受到冲击的警告，从智能手机、游戏机到电视和家庭宽带路由器，一切都将受到影响。

Governments are worried. America's called a summit in April; another is due on May 20th.
各国政府忧心忡忡。美国在4月召开了一场峰会，5月20日又举行了一场。

Germany's finance minister has written to the government of Taiwan, where many chipmakers are based, lobbying for priority for carmakers.
德国财政部长已致函台湾政府，游说台湾优先考虑汽车制造商。台湾有许多芯片制造商。

A report from Gavekal Research, a consultancy, published on May 4th, said the shortage might soon hit export performance in several East Asian economies.
咨询公司Gavekal Research于5月4日发布的一份报告称，短缺可能很快会影响几个东亚经济体的出口表现。

But there is little that ministers can do. The chip drought is the result of the covid-19 pandemic interacting with an industry that is notoriously prone to cycles of boom and bust.
但是部长们无能为力。这次芯片短缺是新冠疫情和一个众所周知容易出现繁荣和萧条周期的行业相互作用的结果。

It is likely to persist for months, if not years.
这种情况可能会持续数月，甚至数年。

"The most important thing (to recognise)", says Malcolm Penn, who runs Future Horizons, a chip-industry consultancy, "is that shortages are a natural part of the industry."
芯片行业咨询公司Future Horizons的负责人马尔科姆·佩恩表示：“最重要的事情(需要认识到的)是，短缺是该行业的自然组成部分。”

Chipmaking, he says, is a good example of what economists call a "pork-cycle" business, named for the regular swings between under-and over-supply first analysed in American pork markets in the 1920s.
他说，芯片制造是经济学家所谓的“猪肉周期”商业的一个很好的例子。“猪肉周期”指的是20世纪20年代首次在美国猪肉市场分析的供给不足和供过于得之间的定期波动。

As with pigs, the supply of chips cannot quickly react to changes in demand.
和猪肉的供应一样，芯片的供应不能迅速对需求的变化做出反应。

Capacity was tight even before the pandemic, says Mr Penn, pointing out that investment by chipmakers in factory equipment has been below its long-term average for many years.
佩恩表示，产能甚至在疫情之前就已经紧张。他指出，芯片制造商对工厂设备的投资多年来一直低于其长期平均水平。

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1.warn of 警告某人某事

Doctors warn of the physical dangers to children whose own bodies are still growing.

医生们对身体还处在发育阶段的孩子们提出了生理危险的警告zn-iR~q8tAL[@wy。

2.be prone to 易于……，有……倾向的

Tired drivers were found to be particularly prone to ignore warning signs.

据调查，疲劳驾车时特别容易忽视警示标志tmwx9w^0=Is[TGt。

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重点单词		查看全部解释
ignore	[ig'nɔ:]	想一想再看 vt. 不顾，不理，忽视	联想记忆 X 单词ignore 联想记忆： I不+geore知道→不知道→不理睬;疏忽
commodity	[kə'mɔditi]	想一想再看 n. 商品，日用品	联想记忆 X 单词commodity 联想记忆： com共同，mod＝mode（n 样式）－把样式共同摆出来－商店－商品
performance	[pə'fɔ:məns]	想一想再看 n. 表演，表现; 履行，实行 n. 性能，本	联想记忆 X 单词performance 联想记忆： perform表演+ance→表现；表演
vital	['vaitl]	想一想再看 adj. 至关重要的，生死攸关的，有活力的，致命的	联想记忆 X 单词vital 联想记忆： vit生命，al：极其重要的；充满活力的
notoriously	[nəu'tɔ:riəsli]	想一想再看 adv. 臭名昭著地，众所周知地
react	[ri'ækt]	想一想再看 vt. 作出反应 vi. 起反应，起作用，反攻	联想记忆 X 单词react 联想记忆： re反＋act行动，做→反动；反应；反抗
suspend	[səs'pend]	想一想再看 v. 推迟，悬挂，暂停，勒令停职	联想记忆 X 单词suspend 联想记忆： sus下面，pend挂－挂在下面－悬挂；悬挂起来不用－暂停
summit	['sʌmit]	想一想再看 n. 顶点;最高阶层 vi. 参加最高级会议，	联想记忆 X 单词summit 联想记忆： summ总，加+it表名词→山的顶峰像数量总和→一样→最高数量→最高峰
pandemic	[pæn'demik]	想一想再看 adj. 全国流行的 n. (全国或全世界范围流行的)疾	联想记忆 X 单词pandemic 联想记忆： pan全部，dem人民，ic－涉及全部民众的－大范围流行的
drought	[draut]	想一想再看 n. 干旱	联想记忆 X 单词drought 联想记忆：龙王不brought雨水，就会drought