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adj. 发动的，运动的，积极的，动机的
n.
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- Books and Arts
- 《图书与艺术》版块
- Johnson
- 约翰逊专栏
- Keeping it in the family
- 家族传承
- For expat parents, passing on their native languages can be a struggle
- 外籍父母想要下一代传承母语并非易事
- "You understand grandmother when she talks to you, don't you, darling?" The girl nods.
- “奶奶和你说话的时候你能听懂吗，亲爱的？”小女孩点了点头。
- Johnson met her—and her Danish mother and English father—at the airport, en route to Denmark.
- 约翰逊在去丹麦的机场见到了小女孩，以及小女孩丹麦籍的母亲和英国籍的父亲。
- The parents were eager to discuss their experience of bringing up their daughter bilingually in London.
- 这对父母很想分享在伦敦用双语抚养女儿的经历。
- It isn't easy: the husband does not speak Danish, so the child hears the language only from her mother, who has come to accept that she will reply in English.
- 这并非易事：丈夫不会讲丹麦语，小女孩只能从母亲那儿听到丹麦语，母亲已经接受了女儿只会用英文回复她的事实。
- This can be painful.
- 这个过程很痛苦。
- Not sharing your first language with loved ones is hard.
- 不能与所爱之人分享母语是艰难的。
- Not passing it on to your own child can be especially tough.
- 不能将母语教给孩子尤为艰难。
- Many expat and immigrant parents feel a sense of failure;
- 许多外籍和移民的父母都感到挫败感；
- they wring their hands and share stories on parenting forums and social media, hoping to find the secret to nurturing bilingual children successfully.
- 他们焦头烂额地在育儿论坛和社交媒体上分享故事，希望找到成功培养双语儿童的秘诀。
- Children are linguistic sponges, but this doesn't mean that cursory exposure is enough.
- 儿童的语言可塑性较强，但这并不意味着粗略地接触就足够。
- They must hear a language quite a bit to understand it—and use it often to be able to speak it comfortably.
- 必须听的足够多直到能够理解，用得足够多直到能够顺畅地表达出来。
- This is mental work, and a child who doesn't have a motive to speak a language— either a need or a strong desire— will often avoid it.
- 这是一种脑力劳动，而一个没有需求或强烈愿望作为动力的孩子将会经常避免这种脑力劳动。
- Children's brains are already busy enough.
- 孩子们的大脑已经够忙碌了。
- So languages often wither and die when parents move abroad.
- 因此，父母移居国外时，母语会越说越少。
- Consider America.
- 以美国为例。
- The foreign-born share of the population is 13.7%, and has never been lower than 4.7% (in 1970).
- 父母至少有一方是外国人的人口比例为13.7%，从未低于4.7%（1970年）。
- And yet foreign- language speakers don't accumulate: today just 25% of the population speaks another language.
- 然而讲外语的人并没有增多：如今只有25%的人口能讲外语。
- That's because, typically, the first generation born in America is bilingual, and the second is monolingual—in English, the children often struggling to speak easily with their immigrant grandparents.
- 这是因为，一般情况下这样的第一代能讲双语，到了第二代就只能讲一种语言，因而孩子们和移民祖父母（或外祖父母）交流总是有障碍。
- In the past, governments discouraged immigrant families from keeping their languages.
- 过去，政府不鼓励移民家庭保留其母语。
- Teddy Roosevelt worried that America would become a"polyglot boarding- house".
- 泰迪·罗斯福担心美国将成为一个“通晓多种语言的寄宿家庭”。
- These days, officials tend to be less interventionist; some even see a valuable resource in immigrants' language abilities.
- 如今，政府倾向于减少干预；有些官员甚至在移民的语言能力中发现了宝贵的资源。
- Yet many factors conspire to ensure that children still lose their parents' languages, or never learn them.
- 但在各种因素同时作用下，孩子们仍然不能完全通晓父母的母语，抑或永远都学不会。
扫描二维码进行跟读打分训练
1.bring up 养育
She brought up four children.
她养育了4个孩子。
2.conspire to 协同
History and geography have conspired to bring the country to a moment of decision.
历史和地理情况共同将该国带到了做决定的时刻。
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