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经济学人:关于利息:低利率意味着不公平(1)

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  • Finance and Economics
  • 财经
  • Free exchange
  • 自由交流
  • Negative justice
  • 负公平
  • Sub-zero interest rates are neither unfair nor unnatural.
  • 负利率既非不公平也非不自然。
  • Denmark's Maritime Museum in Elsinore includes one particularly unappetising exhibit: the world's oldest ship's biscuit, from a voyage in 1852.
  • 丹麦的埃尔西诺航海博物馆藏有一件特别让人没有胃口的展品:世上最古老的船员干粮,它出自1852年的一次海上航行。
  • Known as hardtack, such biscuits were prized for their long shelf lives, making them a vital source of sustenance for sailors far from shore.
  • 这种以硬面包闻名的干粮,是因为它们长久的保存期限而备受重视的,这使得它们成为了远洋航行的船员的一个关键的给养来源。
  • They were also appreciated by a great economist, Irving Fisher, as a useful economic metaphor.
  • 同时,它们还被一位伟大的经济学家——欧文·费雪推崇为一个有用的经济学比喻。
  • Imagine, Fisher wrote in "The Theory of Interest" in 1930, a group of sailors ship wrecked on a barren island with only their stores of hardtack to sustain them.
  • 假设,费雪在1930年的《利息理论》中写道,一群船员在一次船只失事中落难到了一座贫瘠的岛屿上,只有储备的硬面包来维持生计。
  • On what terms would sailors borrow and lend biscuits among themselves?
  • 船员相互间会以何种条件借入和出借干粮呢?
  • In this for lorn economy, what rate of interest would prevail?
  • 在这个孤立无助的经济体中,何种利率会占上风呢?
  • One might think the answer depends on the character of the unfortunate sailors.
  • 人们或许会认为,答案取决于不幸的船员的人品。
  • Interest, in many people's minds, is a reward for deferring gratification.
  • 在许多人的头脑中,利息是对推迟满足感的一-种奖赏。
  • That is one reason why low interest rates are widely perceived as unjust.
  • 这是为什么低利率被广泛地认为是不公平的一个原因。
  • If an abstemious sailor were prepared tolend a biscuit to his crewmate rather than eating it immediately himself, he would deserve more than one biscuit in repayment.
  • 如果某位省吃俭用的船员准备把一份干粮借给他的同伴,而不是立即自己吃掉,他会理应得到多于一份干粮的偿还。
  • The rate of interest should be positive- and the sharper the hunger of the sailors, the more positive it would be.
  • 利率应当是正的——而且船员的饥饿感越强烈,它会正的越多。
  • In tact, Fisher pointed out, the interest rate on his imagined island could only be zero.
  • 实际上,费雪指出,在这个他所设想的岛屿上,利率可能仅为0。
  • If it were positive, any sailor who borrowed an extra biscuit to eat would have to use more than one biscuit in the future to repay the loan.
  • 如果它是正的,任何一位借了额外的干粮吃的船员,今后都不得不用多于一份的干粮来偿还这笔贷款。
  • But no sailor would accept those terms because he could instead eat one more piece from his own supply, thereby reducing his future consumption by one, and only one, piece.
  • 但是, 没有船员会接受这种条件。这是因为,他可以代之以吃掉自己供给中的多于一份的干粮,因而减少了他未来的消费中的一份,并且仅仅是一份而已。


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1.interest rates 利率

例句:Low interest rates are bad news for savers.

低利率对于储蓄者来说是个坏消息。


2.pointed out 指出

例句:Coincident interests with the corporate rich and political directorate are pointed out.

有人指出这合乎的是公司富豪和政治官员的利益。

3.rather than 宁愿;而不是

例句:The zoo needed better management rather than more money.

这座动物园需要更好的管理,而不是更多的资金。

4.a group of 一群

例句:Suddenly the door opened and a group of children burst in.

门突然打开,闯进了一群孩子。

重点单词   查看全部解释    
exchange [iks'tʃeindʒ]

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n. 交换,兑换,交易所
v. 交换,兑换,交

 
deserve [di'zə:v]

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vi. 应该得到
vt. 应受,值得

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tact [tækt]

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n. 机智,手法

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appreciated [ə'pri:ʃieit]

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vt. 欣赏;感激;领会;鉴别 vi. 增值;涨价

 
negative ['negətiv]

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adj. 否定的,负的,消极的
n. 底片,负

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unjust ['ʌn'dʒʌst]

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adj. 不公平的

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abstemious [æb'sti:miəs]

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adj. 节制的

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sustenance ['sʌstinəns]

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n. 维持生计,食物

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loan [ləun]

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n. 贷款,借出,债权人
v. 借,供应货款,

 
coincident [kəu'insidənt]

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adj. 同时发生的,巧合的,一致的,符合的

 

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