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美语情景对话第816期:Organ Donation 器官捐赠

时间:2016-05-18 15:19:00 编辑:aimee 可可英语APP下载 | 可可官方微信:ikekenet

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So, Greg, you have a new book out, and you're book has lots of controversial topics, and one of the topics is organ donation.
格雷格，你出了本新书，这本书涉及了很多争议话题，其中一个就是器官捐赠。

So first can you explain what organ donation is?
首先，请你解释一下什么是器官捐赠？

Sure. Organ donation is when a person living or dead allows his or her organs to be used in another person.
好的。器官捐赠是指活人或死人将器官捐赠给另一个人的行为。

So for example like you donate a liver, or kidney or something like that.
举例来说，就是捐赠肝、肾等器官的行为。

That's right.
没错。

And usually they have to get it... the person who dies, they have to get it soon.
实际上，他们要……人死了之后，他们要立即取出捐赠的器官。

Yes, that 100% right.
对，完全正确。

So is this something that's common in most countries?
这是大多数国家的通常做法吗？

Well, actually some countries do not allow organ and tissue donation, or they allow only some organs, some tissues and not allow others.
实际上有些国家不允许器官捐赠和组织捐赠，或者只允许一些器官和组织的捐赠，其他的不允许。

You know, your book is about controversial topics. What is controversial about organ donation?
你的书里涉及了很多争议话题。那器官捐赠有什么争议？

Oh, there's a lot of controversial aspects to organ donation.
器官捐赠有很多争议。

Again, as I mentioned there are differences in every country. Some countries do not allow organ donation.
就像我刚才提到的，每个国家对器官捐赠有不同的规定。一些国家不允许器官捐赠。

Some allow some organs and won't others and there are also cases where say maybe a thousand people need a kidney but there's only fifty kidneys.
还有些国家只允许特定器官的捐赠，不允许其他器官的捐赠，也许需要肾移植的人有1000人，可是只有50个肾脏可以移植。

Who is gonna get it? Should the kidney go to the sickest person but who might die?
那谁能进行手术？这些肾脏是要移植给那些生病最严重、可能会死亡的人？

Should it go to the oldest person? Should it go to the youngest person?
还是要移植给最年长的人？还是给最年轻的人？

Should it go to the richest person? How do you decide? What's a fair way to decide?
或是给最富有的人？要怎么决定？怎么公平地做决定？

Now, also I think in your book you were talking about medical tourism. Can you explain what that is?
我想你的书中还提到了医疗旅游。你能解释一下吗？

Medical tourism is when people go to a country for the purpose of medical treatment
医疗旅游是人们以医疗为目的前往另一个国家的行为，

which they can't get in their country either cause the treatment is not allowed or it's too expensive.
因为他们在本国无法接受治疗，或是治疗方法在本国不被允许，或是医疗费用太高。

You know, relating back to the question of controversy, there are lot of countries in the world which are very poor,
我们再回到刚才的争议问题上，世界上有许多国家非常贫穷，

and people are willing to sell their organs actually, so you have rich Arabs, rich Americans, rich Japanese, rich British people,
这些国家的人想卖器官挣钱，而有钱的阿拉伯人、美国人、日本人、英国人，

people from any rich country, can't get an organ in their own country, and they'll go to a poor country to buy organs from poor people.
那些有钱国家的人在自己的国家无法得到捐赠的器官，他们就会去贫穷的国家，从穷人那里买器官。

Is that right? In some places it's illegal.
这种做法对吗？在有些地方这种做法是非法的。

There are also laws in many countries that say someone must, before they die, give permission for the body parts to be used,
许多国家的法律明确规定，活人捐赠器官必须得到许可，

but those body parts are sometimes taken from people after their death without permission.
而有时死人捐赠身体器官是未经许可的。

Yeah, that's pretty controversial stuff. That's pretty deep.
对，这是备受争议的问题。是非常严肃的问题。

Yeah.
对。

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重点讲解：
1. for example 例如；比如；
例句：For example, air is invisible.
比如：空气是看不见的Z4#_^UbA7pY!1WC。
2. a lot of 许多；很多；大量；
例句：I remember a lot of things.
我记得很多事情&3qN=n@4tSYs|;(V1。
3. either or （表示在两者或多者中择其一）或者，要么；
例句：None of us can equal her, either in beauty or as a dancer.
不管是容貌还是舞艺我们都比不上她O&sZmy61f7XSYJV6c。
4. be willing to do sth. 乐意的；愿意的；
例句：I'm willing to give him the benefit of the doubt.
我愿意假定他是无辜的s=VVOz4Kw]mxJ[j]Q。

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重点单词		查看全部解释
willing	['wiliŋ]	想一想再看 adj. 愿意的，心甘情愿的
illegal	[i'li:gəl]	想一想再看 adj. 不合法的，非法的 n. 非法移民	联想记忆 X 单词illegal 联想记忆： il不+legal合法的→不合法的
invisible	[in'vizəbl]	想一想再看 adj. 看不见的，无形的 n. 隐形人(或物
permission	[pə'miʃən]	想一想再看 n. 同意，许可，允许	联想记忆 X 单词permission 联想记忆： per始终＋miss送，放出＋ion→始终放入→允许
kidney	['kidni]	想一想再看 n. 肾，腰子，类型
benefit	['benifit]	想一想再看 n. 利益，津贴，保险金，义卖，义演 vt.	联想记忆 X 单词benefit 联想记忆： bene好，fit做－做事后的好处
donation	[dəu'neiʃən]	想一想再看 n. 捐赠物，捐款，捐赠
controversy	['kɔntrəvə:si]	想一想再看 n. (公开的)争论，争议	联想记忆 X 单词controversy 联想记忆： contro相反+ver转+sy→争论；议论
tissue	['tiʃu:]	想一想再看 n. (生物的)组织，织物，薄绢，纸巾
donate	['dəuneit]	想一想再看 vt. 捐赠，转移(电子) vi. 捐款	联想记忆 X 单词donate 联想记忆： don给予+ate→给出去→捐赠