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科学美国人60秒:木星卫星总数增加到79颗

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  • This is Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Steve Mirsky.
  • 这里是科学美国人——60秒科学。我是史蒂夫·米尔斯基。
  • How many moons does Jupiter have?
  • 木星周围有多少颗卫星?
  • If you said four, you might be Galileo. If you said 69, you were right.
  • 如果你说有4颗,那你可能是伽利略。如果你说有69颗,那你曾经是对的。
  • Until the announcement this morning by the International Astronomical Union of the discovery of an additional 10 moons about the gas-giant planet.
  • 因为今天早上,国际天学文联合国宣布,他们发现木星这颗气态巨行星的卫星又增加了10颗。
  • Bringing the currently known total to 79. That's a lot of moons.
  • 这使目前已知的木星卫星总数达到79颗。木星真的有很多卫星。
  • A research team from the Carnegie Institution for Science, the University of Hawaii and Northern Arizona University
  • 2017年,来自卡内基科学研究所、夏威夷大学和北亚利桑那大学的一个研究小组,
  • was looking in 2017 for very distant objects in our solar system, well beyond Pluto.
  • 在太阳系中寻找比冥王星的距离还要远得多的遥远天体。
  • Jupiter happened to be in the same field of view, so they also looked for any as yet unknown moons.
  • 木星恰巧也在同一个研究视野中,因此,他们也寻找了以前未知的卫星。
  • They found 12, two of which were announced last year.
  • 他们发现了12颗卫星,其中两颗在去年公布。
  • Confirmation of the moons required multiple observations,
  • 确认卫星的发现需要多次观测,
  • and those data enabled a calculation of the moons' orbits.
  • 这些数据可以估算出木星的运行轨道。
  • Nine of the dozen moons are well away from Jupiter and have retrograde orbits,
  • 这12颗卫星中有9颗离木星非常远,处于逆行轨道上,
  • meaning they go around the planet in what we'd think of as the "wrong direction".
  • 这意味着它们以我们认为“错误的方向”绕木星公转。
  • They take about two Earth years to complete their circuits.
  • 这些卫星绕木星公转一圈需要大约2个地球年的时间。
  • Two new moons are closer in, go the right way, and take about an Earth year for one orbit.
  • 两颗新卫星离木星的距离更近,而且轨道方向与木星一致,绕木星公转一圈需要1个地球年的时间。
  • Those eleven moons are probably remnants of larger bodies that got broken up in collisions.
  • 上述11颗卫星可能是体型更大的天体碰撞分裂后产生的残余物。
  • The remaining moon is less than a kilometer across, further out than the two conventional moons
  • 最后1颗卫星直径不到1公里,比上述2两颗顺行卫星距离木星更远,
  • and has a 1.5-year orbit—and the orbit is inclined.
  • 绕木星一圈大约需要一年半,而且其轨道是倾斜的。
  • That tilt has the weird little moon crossing the paths of those outer retrograde moons.
  • 这种倾斜让这颗古怪小卫星的轨道穿越那些外围逆行卫星的轨道。
  • Which means an increased likelihood of a big smash-up one day.
  • 这意味着它与其他卫星未来发生大碰撞的几率大大增加。
  • Depending on what survives from any such collision, Jupiter may then have even more moons. Or a couple fewer.
  • 从这种碰撞留下的幸存卫星来看,木星当时的卫星数量可能比现在更多。也可能少几颗。
  • For Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Steve Mirsky.
  • 谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学。我是史蒂夫·米尔斯基。


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重点讲解:
1. happen to do sth. 碰巧;凑巧;
She happened to be out when we called.
我们打电话时她刚巧不在家XH[@h*PRe;Il,K#kS7A
2. look for 找;寻;
We all need to look for ways to reduce our carbon footprint.
我们都需要寻求降低碳排放量的方法NwS9h1LUw9La
3. be away from 离(某人或某地)有一定距离;
The company is so far away from my dorm that I had to spend much time on the way.
公司离我的宿舍太远,我不得不花很多时间在路上B+*pIEEF4ZENIYmO
4. break up (使)分裂;(被)拆分;(使)破碎;
There was a danger of the ship breaking up completely.
这艘船有彻底解体的危险BhMaq%a]FH17

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重点单词   查看全部解释    
announced [ə'naunst]

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宣布的

 
likelihood ['laiklihud]

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n. 可能性

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retrograde ['retrəu.greid]

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adj. 后退的,倒退的,退步的 vi. 倒退,退步,逆

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calculation [.kælkju'leiʃən]

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n. 计算

 
announcement [ə'naunsmənt]

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n. 通知,发表,宣布

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institution [.insti'tju:ʃən]

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n. 机构,制度,创立

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additional [ə'diʃənl]

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adj. 附加的,另外的

 
confirmation [.kɔnfə'meiʃən]

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n. 确认,证实,基督教的坚信礼

 
multiple ['mʌltipl]

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adj. 许多,多种多样的
n. 倍数,并联

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tilt [tilt]

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vt. (使)倾斜
vi. 抨击,争论

 

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