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亚洲世纪之始(2)

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  • As a result, the "Asian Century" has already begun, according to some measures:
  • 结果,根据一些指标,“亚洲世纪”已经开始:
  • 2020 was the first time in two centuries that Asian GDP, as a share of world GDP at purchasing-power parity, was higher than that of the rest of the world.
  • 2020年是两个世纪以来亚洲GDP占世界GDP的比例(按购买力平价计算)首次高于世界其他地区的一年。
  • The historical importance of this evolution cannot be underestimated.
  • 这一演变的历史重要性不容低估。
  • The last time Asia dominated the world economy was in the early 19th century, as the First Industrial Revolution got under way.
  • 亚洲上一次主导世界经济是在19世纪初,当时第一次工业革命正在进行。
  • Today, at the dawn of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Asia is reconnecting with the dominant position it held for millennia.
  • 今天,在第四次工业革命的曙光中,亚洲重新恢复了其数千年来的主导地位。
  • But how did China achieve this success?
  • 但中国是如何取得这样的成功的呢?
  • The system that enabled it to leap ahead could be summarized as "state capitalism."
  • 使中国得以飞跃的体制可以概括为“国家资本主义”。
  • It is undeniably capitalist, as the private sector produces more than 60% of GDP in China.
  • 不可否认,这是资本主义(小编特此声明:中国是社会主义国家),因为在中国,私营部门生产了超过60%的GDP。
  • But the system is also state-dominated, as the state retains its primacy over other stakeholders in at least three ways.
  • 但这个体系也是由国家主导的,因为国家至少在三个方面保持着对其他利益相关者的主导地位。
  • It keeps a strong hand in the distribution of both resources and opportunities. It can intervene in virtually any industry.
  • 它在资源和机会的分配方面保持着强有力的地位。它几乎可以干预任何行业。
  • And it can direct the economy by means of large-scale infrastructure, research and development, and education, health care or housing projects.
  • 它可以通过大规模的基础设施、研发、教育、医疗或住房项目来指导经济。
  • This state capitalist system contrasts to the system of "shareholder capitalism" dominant in the U.S. and much of the Western world.
  • 这种国家资本主义制度与在美国和大部分西方世界占主导地位的“股东资本主义”制度形成鲜明对比。
  • In that system, the interests of shareholders dominate over all others.
  • 在这种制度下,股东的利益凌驾于所有其他利益之上。
  • Companies operate with the purpose of returning the highest possible dividends to shareholders.
  • 公司的经营宗旨是尽可能地向股东返还最高的股息。
  • And, the theory goes, the invisible hand of the market ensures the outcomes for society are optimal.
  • 该理论认为,市场这只看不见的手确保了社会的结果是最优的。
  • In the 1980s and 1990s, shareholder primacy led to a long period of economic growth in the U.S. and turned it into the most prosperous nation on earth.
  • 在20世纪80年代和90年代,股东至上导致美国经济长期增长,并使其成为世界上最繁荣的国家。


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invisible [in'vizəbl]

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adj. 看不见的,无形的
n. 隐形人(或物

 
distribution [.distri'bju:ʃən]

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n. 分发,分配,散布,分布

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intervene [.intə'vi:n]

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vi. 干涉,干预,插入,介入,调停,阻挠

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dominant ['dɔminənt]

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adj. 占优势的,主导的,显性的
n. 主宰

 
operate ['ɔpəreit]

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v. 操作,运转,经营,动手术

 
dominate ['dɔmineit]

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v. 支配,占优势,俯视

 
unemployment ['ʌnim'plɔimənt]

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n. 失业,失业人数

 
primacy ['praiməsi]

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n. 首位;卓越;大主教的职位

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revolution [.revə'lu:ʃən]

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n. 革命,旋转,转数

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underestimated [,ʌndə'estimeit]

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vt. 低估;看轻 n. 低估

 

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