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国家地理:伊朗的波斯游牧民为什么逐渐消失(1)

时间:2018-12-29 13:52:40 编辑:max 可可英语APP下载 | 可可官方微信:ikekenet

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The peaks of the Zagros mountain range are still dusted with snow.
扎格罗斯山脉的山峰仍然覆盖着冰雪。

Long, twisting roads draw lines over the valleys and slopes here in western Iran.
长长的、蜿蜒曲折的道路，在这伊朗西部的山谷和山坡上迂回前进。

They are ancient paths, trodden by feet and hooves for thousands of years in the ever repeating movement of migration.
那是古老的迁徙路线，在不断重复的迁徙活动中被脚踩蹄踏了数千年。

These days cars and rented trucks, rather than horses,
现在，小车和出租的卡车--不再是马匹，

bring the remaining Iranian nomads and their flocks to their summer pastures high up in the Iranian highlands near the city of Chelgard.
载着剩下的伊朗游牧民和他们的牲畜，迁徙到高处于Chelgard市附近伊朗高原里的夏季牧场。

Instead of making daylong hikes for news to the long-abandoned nomadic communication center,
当地的巴赫蒂亚里部落成员已不必为了新闻信息走上一整天去那个长期荒废的游牧民通信中心，

local Bakhtiari tribe members carry cell phones and complain about bad reception.
而是带着手机，只是抱怨信号不好。

Iran's nomads have been making the same migration for millennia.
伊朗游牧民数千年来一直在进行同样的迁徙。

In spring they headed for the cooler pastures of the Zagros, where grass for their flocks of sheep and goats was abundant.
春天，他们朝扎格罗斯较冷的牧场走，那儿的草场对他们的绵羊和山羊来说很富饶。

At the end of autumn they would return to Iran's oil-rich Khuzestan Province,
秋末，他们会返回伊朗石油丰富的胡齐斯坦省，

their animals strong and well fed to make it through the winter.
他们的牲畜强壮而喂养良好以便安全过冬。

Iran's more than one million nomads have long resisted modernity through the isolation that comes with their lifestyle.
伊朗的100多万游牧民长期以来通过与他们的生活方式隔离来抵制现代的东西。

Deep traditions and patriarchy also have kept change out.
深厚的传统和父权制度也一直在改变。

But the combination of persistent drought, dust storms that turn the skies orange,
但是，持续的干旱、使天空变橙色的沙尘暴、

widespread urbanization, mobile internet, and the spread of higher education has made their numbers dwindle.
普遍的城市化、移动互联网以及高等教育的普及，这一切加在一起使他们的人数日渐减少。

The elderly couples still setting up their tents on the flanks of the Zagros
年老的夫妇仍在扎格罗斯山脉两侧搭起帐篷，

admit that they might be the final chapter in the history of one of the largest remaining nomadic communities on Earth.
承认他们可能是地球上现存最大的游牧社区之一的历史的最后一章。

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1.high up 在高处
How awful to live so high up and always feel so scared.
住的这么高，总感到害怕的感觉真是糟糕透了。

2.bad reception 信号不好
I gotta go, I'm in a bad reception area.
我得走了，这里信号不好。

3.make the migration 迁徙
They make a huge migration from the north to the south of the US, mostly starting in August.
大部分是从八月开始，它们开始进行大规模的迁徙，从美国的北部到南部。

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重点单词		查看全部解释
spread	[spred]	想一想再看 v. 伸展，展开，传播，散布，铺开，涂撒 n.
movement	['mu:vmənt]	想一想再看 n. 活动，运动，移动，[音]乐章	联想记忆 X 单词movement 联想记忆： move动+ment表名词,“行为或结果”→运动
cell	[sel]	想一想再看 n. 细胞，电池，小组，小房间，单人牢房，(蜂房的)巢室
drought	[draut]	想一想再看 n. 干旱	联想记忆 X 单词drought 联想记忆：龙王不brought雨水，就会drought
range	[reindʒ]	想一想再看 n. 范围，行列，射程，山脉，一系列 v. 排
dwindle	['dwindl]	想一想再看 v. 减少，缩小	联想记忆 X 单词dwindle 联想记忆：象wind的一样消逝－逐渐减少
widespread	['waidspred]	想一想再看 adj. 分布(或散布)广的，普遍的
abundant	[ə'bʌndənt]	想一想再看 adj. 丰富的，充裕的	联想记忆 X 单词abundant 联想记忆： ab加强+und波动+ant→[多得]象波浪一样→丰富的
complain	[kəm'plein]	想一想再看 vi. 抱怨，悲叹，控诉
nomadic	[nəu'mædik]	想一想再看 adj. 游牧的，游牧民族的，流浪的