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怎样才能让人类真正地与人工智能进行互动？拉斐尔·阿拉尔建议我们从创造艺术开始。他分享了能让人工智能探究复杂想法的交互项目，例如怀旧、直觉、对话——所有的工作都在朝着将来人工智能尽可能和人类一样的目标而努力。
n. 分支，树枝，分店，分部
v. 分支，分岔
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- So, even the more objective parts about being human are hard to describe. Like, conversation.
- 甚至很多关于人性的客观方面也很难描述。比如，对话。
- Have you ever really tried to break down the steps?
- 你曾经尝试过分解谈话的步骤吗？
- So think about sitting with your friend at a coffee shop and just having small talk.
- 试着想象一下，你和你的朋友坐在咖啡馆，进行简单的交谈。
- How do you know when to take a turn? How do you know when to shift topics?
- 你怎么知道轮到你说话了？你怎么知道什么时候该转换话题？
- And how do you even know what topics to discuss?
- 你怎么知道要讨论些什么？
- See, most of us don't really think about it, because it's almost second nature.
- 大多数人都不会想这些问题，因为这对我们来说是很自然的。
- And when we get to know someone, we learn more about what makes them tick, and then we learn what topics we can discuss.
- 当我们认识一个人的时候，我们会对他们越来越了解，然后我们会知道能聊些什么话题。
- But when it comes to teaching AI systems how to interact with people, we have to teach them step by step what to do.
- 但是，当你教人工智能怎样与人类互动时，我们需要一步一步教它们该如何做。
- And right now, it feels clunky.
- 而现在，这个过程还感觉很笨拙。
- If you've ever tried to talk with Alexa, Siri or Google Assistant, you can tell that it or they can still sound cold.
- 如果你曾尝试和Alexa、Siri或谷歌助手聊天，你可以感觉得到，它们仍听上去冷冰冰的。
- And have you ever gotten annoyed when they didn't understand what you were saying
- 你是否曾经因为它们不明白你说什么而变得恼怒，
- and you had to rephrase what you wanted 20 times just to play a song?
- 比如为了让它们放一首歌，你得说上20次？
- Alright, to the credit of the designers, realistic communication is really hard.
- 不过我们也要理解设计师，毕竟让机器学会真实的沟通是非常难的。
- And there's a whole branch of sociology, called conversation analysis,
- 有一个社会学的分支，叫做会话分析，
- that tries to make blueprints for different types of conversation.
- 它尝试做不同对话类型的蓝图。
- Types like customer service or counseling, teaching and others.
- 例如像客户服务、心理咨询、教授课程等等的会话类型。
- I've been collaborating with a conversation analyst at the lab to try to help our AI systems hold more human-sounding conversations.
- 我已经在和会话分析学家在实验室展开合作，尝试帮助我们的人工智能系统进行更多的人性化的对话。
- This way, when you have an interaction with a chatbot on your phone or a voice-based system in the car,
- 这样，当你和手机聊天机器人进行互动时，或者和车载语音系统互动时，
- it sounds a little more human and less cold and disjointed.
- 这种声音就听上去更人性，不那么冷淡和缺乏逻辑。
- So I created a piece of art that tries to highlight the robotic, clunky interaction to help us understand, as designers,
- 我创造的这个艺术品，重点突显了机械化的、笨拙的互动方式，以帮助我们这些设计师明白，
- why it doesn't sound human yet and, well, what we can do about it.
- 为什么它听上去不像人类，我们该如何解决这个问题。
- The piece is called Bot to Bot and it puts one conversational system against another and then exposes it to the general public.
- 这个艺术品叫Bot to Bot，它将一个会话系统搭建在另一个会话系统之上，然后展示给公众。
- And what ends up happening is that you get something that tries to mimic human conversation, but falls short.
- 最终会发生的就是，它尝试模仿人类的对话，但是却明显有不足之处。
- Sometimes it works and sometimes it gets into these, well, loops of misunderstanding.
- 有的时候它还可以，而有的时候会陷入误解的循环。
- So even though the machine-to-machine conversation can make sense, grammatically and colloquially,
- 虽然机器与机器的对话从语法、用意上能让人明白，
- it can still end up feeling cold and robotic.
- 但是你还是能感觉到这个对话的冰冷和机械化。
- And despite checking all the boxes, the dialogue lacks soul and those one-off quirks that make each of us who we are.
- 尽管对话的其他要素都具备，但却缺少了灵魂，缺少了那些使我们之所以为人类的特质。
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