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经济学人:奥夫拉多尔当选墨西哥总统是福是祸?(3)

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  • The charismatic leaders who ride these resentments to power are almost always false prophets,
  • 这群魅力型领导人们通过驾驭仇恨而夺得权力,他们几乎都是些假先知,
  • promising security and prosperity even as they erode their foundations.
  • 表面承诺实现国家安定、经济繁荣,本人却破坏这两者的基石。
  • The danger they pose to new democracies is greater than in more deeply rooted ones.
  • 他们对新兴民主国家造成的危害比对那些民主源远根深的国家要更严重。
  • Mr Trump is constrained by Congress, an independent judiciary,
  • 特朗普受到国会、独立司法体系、
  • a free press and a bureaucracy with a long tradition of following the law.
  • 自由媒体和具有遵纪守法长期传统的官僚机构制约。
  • Mr López Obrador, by contrast, will govern a country that has been democratic only since 2000,
  • 相较之下,洛佩斯·奥夫拉多尔将治理一个2000年才实现民主的国家,
  • and where corruption is widespread and growing worse.
  • 这个国家腐败丑声远播且愈演愈烈。
  • The next president's main job should be to reinforce the institutions that underpin a modern economy, democracy and above all the rule of law.
  • 下一任总统的主要工作应该是巩固支撑现代经济、民主和法治的制度。
  • The risk with Mr López Obrador, who will be the first non-technocratically minded president in 36 years,
  • 选举洛佩斯-奥夫拉多尔的风险在于他的所作所为将与此大相径庭,
  • is that he will do precisely the opposite.
  • 他将是墨西哥36年来首位非技术型总统。
  • Mexican technocracy has had its successes.
  • 墨西哥的技术治国派曾有其成功之处。
  • Orthodox economic policies have ensured relatively steady if unspectacular growth since the 1990s.
  • 自20世纪90年代以来,正统经济政策确保经济谈不上耀眼但相对稳定的增长。
  • Thanks to the North American FreeTrade Agreement (NAFTA) with the United States and Canada, which took effect in 1994,
  • 北美自由贸易协定(NAFTA)是墨西哥与美国、加拿大签署,于1994年生效,
  • Mexico is the world's fourth-biggest exporter of motor vehicles.
  • 受益于这份协定,墨西哥成为世界上第四大汽车出口国。
  • The outgoing president, Enrique Pena Nieto, opened energy and telecoms to competition
  • 即将卸任的总统恩里克·培尼亚·涅托开放能源业和电信业进行市场竞争,
  • and is trying to impose higher standards on a failing school system.
  • 并尝试对衰败中的教育体系实行更高标准。
  • Alas, progress has been slower than politicians promised and is uneven.
  • 可惜的是,事情的进展比政治家们承诺的要慢且发展得不平衡。
  • Mexico's south, where a quarter of the population lives,
  • 墨西哥约有四分之一的人口居住南部,
  • has ox-drawn ploughs rather than assembly lines.
  • 南部是牛拉犁的农业地区而非布满生产线的工业地区。
  • By Mexico's own measure, nearly 44% of its citizens are poor.
  • 按照墨西哥本国标准,贫困人口约占总人口的44%。
  • The main source of Mexicans'discontent is not inequality
  • 墨西哥人的不满主要根源并非不平等,
  • but crime and corruption, which have run riot under Mr Pena.
  • 而是在培尼亚统治下愈加猖獗的犯罪和腐败。
  • The murder rate has broken a record set in 2011.
  • 谋杀率已经打破了2011年创下的记录。
  • The ruling party has seen countless scandals.
  • 执政党闹出数不尽的丑闻。
  • It emerged that Mr Pena's wife's $7m home had belonged to a government contractor.
  • 培尼亚妻子价值700万美元的房产被揭露曾属于一家政府承包商。
  • In an ordinary election, Mexicans would ditch Mr Pena's Institutional Revolutionary Party
  • 一场普选本将抛弃培尼亚的革命制度党
  • and turn back to the conservative National Action Party.
  • 而重新支持保守的国家行动党。
  • But after its last crime-ridden years in power, from 2006 to 2012, they are fed up with that, too.
  • 但经历了国家行动党2006年到2012年犯罪猖獗的执政时期,墨西哥人对国家行动党也受够了。
  • They want change, which Mr López Obrador certainly offers.
  • 墨西哥人需要变革,而是洛佩斯·奥夫拉多尔一定能带来变革。


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What sort of change remainsto be seen.

奥夫拉多尔将带来何种变革仍有待观察。
The biography that beguiles his supporters is replete with danger signals.
其履历令支持者着迷,但却充满危险的信号。
Time and again he has shown contempt for the law.
他屡次显示出对法律的轻蔑。
He has urged people not to pay their electricity bills.
还敦促民众不要支付他们的电费。
After he lost in 2006 his supporters proclaimed him the "legitimate president"
2006年竞选失败之后,他的支持者声称他才是“合法总统”,
and blocked Mexico City's main street for weeks.
并封堵了墨西哥城主要街道长达数周。
He has said that the courts should be an instrument of "popular sentiment".
他曾表示法庭应该是“民意”的工具。
His supporters say he has matured,
支持者声称奥夫拉多尔已经成熟,
and that his record as Mexico City's well-liked mayor from 2000 to 2005 shows that he was always pragmatic.
并且他在2000年至2005年担任墨西哥城市长期间深受爱戴,这样的记录说明他一直是个实效派。
He has made his peace with NAFTA and no longer talks of reversing the energy reform.
他已与北美自由贸易协定(NAFTA)讲和,亦不再谈论要推翻能源改革。
He promises to run a disciplined budget, to respect the independence of the central bank and not to raise taxes.
他还承诺要严格实行预算方案、尊重央行的独立性,以及不会提高税收。
Some of his ideas, like a nationwide apprenticeship programme, make sense.
他的某些想法,例如全国范围实行学徒制,有其合理性在。
But he seems to have little idea how a modern economy or democracy works.
但奥夫拉多尔似乎对现代经济或民主是如何运行甚无概念。
He disparages independent institutions, such as the supreme court.
他蔑视最高法院之类的独立机构。
He talks of making Mexico self-sufficient in food and of building oil refineries, which are unlikely to make business sense.
他谈论墨西哥粮食自给和建炼油厂,但这些措施不具经济合理性。
His ideas are simplistic.
他的想法过分简单化。

Obrador.jpg

He wants to halve the salaries of senior officials, including the president,

他想要把包括总统在内的高级官员薪水减半,
and to subject himself to a recall referendum every two years.
自己接受每两年一次的罢免公投。
Though personally clean, he has formed alliances with politicians who are anything but.
尽管他个人是清廉的,但与之结盟的政客却完全不是。
He denounces Mr Pena's education reform, which offers poor children a chance of a brighter future.
他公开批评皮亚诺的教育改革,而改革其实为贫困儿童提供了迈向更光明前途的机会。
Yes, Mr López Obrador has reinvented himself, but as a bundle of contradictions.
是的,洛佩斯·奥布拉多尔的确已经改头换面了,但却成为了一堆矛盾的集合体。
That makes his presidency a risky experiment.
上述因素使得奥夫拉多尔当选总统将成为一个高风险的实验。
The financial markets might tame a López Obrador government.
金融市场或会抑制洛佩斯·奥夫拉多尔领导的政府.
But a congressional majority for his party might equally encourage radicalism.
但其党派在议会占多数同样可鼓动激进主义。
It might go well if, say, he curbs corruption or stands up to America over trade.
事情也许能进展顺利,如果他能控制住贪腐,或是在贸易问题上顶住美国的压力。
More likely, progress will remain elusive.
但更可能,前行举步维艰。
Mexico cannot stop graft without the institutions Mr López Obrador scorns.
墨西哥如果没有洛佩斯·奥夫拉多尔嗤之以鼻的各项机构,将无法阻止贪污腐败行为。
And with protectionists at the helm in its two biggest member-states, NAFTA could well collapse.
而随着北美自由贸易协定两个最大成员国都由贸易保护主义者掌权,北美自由贸易协定也很有可能崩溃。
That would further poison relations with the United States,
这将进一步恶化墨西哥与美国的关系,
possibly imperilling co-operation overdrugs and immigration.
有可能危及双方在打击毒品犯罪和非法移民方面的合作。
We worry about Mr López Obrador's presidency,
我们对洛佩斯·奥夫拉多尔的总统任期感到担忧,
but wish him luck. If he fails, worse may follow.
但也祝他好运。如果他竞选失败,更糟糕的事情或会接踵而至。

译文由可可原创,仅供学习交流使用,未经许可请勿转载。

重点单词   查看全部解释    
majority [mə'dʒɔriti]

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n. 多数,大多数,多数党,多数派
n.

 
senior ['si:njə]

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adj. 年长的,高级的,资深的,地位较高的

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democracy [di'mɔkrəsi]

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n. 民主,民主制,民主国家

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sentiment ['sentimənt]

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n. 感情,情趣,意见,观点,多愁善感

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circle ['sə:kl]

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n. 圈子,圆周,循环
v. 环绕,盘旋,包围

 
corruption [kə'rʌpʃən]

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n. 腐败,堕落,贪污

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immediate [i'mi:djət]

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adj. 立即的,即刻的,直接的,最接近的

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disciplined ['disiplind]

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adj. 受过训练的,遵守纪律的 动词disciplin

 
supreme [sju:'pri:m]

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adj. 最高的,至上的,极度的

 
poison ['pɔizn]

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n. 毒药,败坏道德之事,毒害
vt. 毒害,

 

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