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课程介绍:
此课程介绍了斯大林与苏联。
原声视频：
n. 契约，协定，条约
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- Yet the final bill was just coming due in the Second World War.
- 然而最后的结果则在二战中显现了出来
- Even as the NKVD was purging the Red Army in late 1938, Stalin was playing European politics.
- 即便1938年年末人民委员会仍在清洗红军，斯大林则在欧洲政治活动中周旋
- Adolf Hitler had come to power in Germany on a program of hatred;
- 阿道夫，希特勒在德国掌权，他的权力建立在仇恨上，
- hatred of Jews, hatred of the Allied Powers, hatred of communism, hatred of just about everything.
- 对犹太人的仇恨，对同盟国的仇恨，对共产主义的仇恨，对一切世事的仇恨
- No surprise then that in November 1936 Hitler set up the anti-Comintern Pact between Germany, Italy, and Japan.
- 毫不意外1936年11月，希特勒同意大利和日本建立了《反共产国际》协定
- This was so-called "Axis". The Germans and Soviets were already backing opposite sides in the Spanish Civil War.
- 这就是所谓的轴心国。德国和苏联早已在西班牙内战时反目
- Japan directly threatened the Soviet Far East through its satellite state in Manchuria.
- 日本直接通过伪满洲国威胁苏联的远东地区
- In 1938 and 1939, Japanese and Soviet troops skirmished on the frontier.
- 1938到1939，年日俄军队在前线小规模开战
- To the west, only Poland kept Germany apart from the Soviet Union.
- 在西边，只有波兰把德国和苏联隔开着
- If forced to choose between its two hated neighbors, whom would pull its support?
- 如果不得不从这两个面目可憎的邻居中选择一个，谁会赢得他的支持呢?
- Not even the Poles themselves could guess.
- 就算是波兰人自己也要猜测一番
- As from the beginning, the Soviets felt surrounded on all sides by capitalist enemies.
- 从一开始，苏联就觉得自己被资本主义敌人四处包围
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