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本期TED演讲者是位神经科学家及《依然爱丽丝》的作者Lisa Genova女士，她将和大家分享她的最新研究发现，原来预防老年痴呆还可以从一些最简单的事情着手去做，是什么事情呢？我们一同来揭晓。
n. 沟通，交流，通讯，传达，通信
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- Let's begin by looking at what we currently understand about the neuroscience of Alzheimer's.
- 让我们先看看目前神经学上对老年痴呆的了解。
- Here's a picture of two neurons connecting.
- 这是一张两个神经元连接的图。
- The point of connection, this space circled in red, is called the synapse.
- 连接的部位，也就是红色圈出的这块，叫做突触。
- The synapse is where neurotransmitters are released.
- 突触是神经递质释放的场所，
- This is where signals are transmitted, where communication happens.
- 这是信号传送、交流的场所。
- This is where we think, feel, see, hear, desire ... and remember.
- 这是我们思考、感受、视听、欲望和记忆的场所。
- And the synapse is where Alzheimer's happens.
- 而突触也正是老年痴呆发病的地方。
- Let's zoom in on the synapse and look at a cartoon representation of what's going on.
- 让我们把突触放大，看一则动画演示。
- During the business of communicating information, in addition to releasing neurotransmitters like glutamate into the synapse,
- 在信息沟通的过程中，除了释放谷氨酸等神经递质到突触，
- neurons also release a small peptide called amyloid beta.
- 神经元还释放了一种名为β淀粉样蛋白的小肽。
- Normally, amyloid beta is cleared away metabolized by microglia, the janitor cells of our brains.
- 正常情况下，β淀粉样蛋白在新陈代谢时会被清除，由我们大脑的看护细胞小神经胶质细胞处理。
- While the molecular causes of Alzheimer's are still debated,
- 尽管分子层面引发老年痴呆的原因还争论不休，
- most neuroscientists believe that the disease begins when amyloid beta begins to accumulate.
- 大多数神经学家相信β淀粉样蛋白的累积引发了老年痴呆。
- Too much is released, or not enough is cleared away, and the synapse begins to pile up with amyloid beta.
- 释放了太多，或者是未能完全清理，突触因此便开始堆积β淀粉样蛋白。
- And when this happens, it binds to itself, forming sticky aggregates called amyloid plaques.
- 若这一事件发生，突触逐渐束缚了自己，产生一种叫做淀粉样斑块的黏糊糊的聚合体。
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| 重点单词 | 查看全部解释 | |||
| communication | [kə.mju:ni'keiʃn] | |||
| understand | [.ʌndə'stænd] | |||
| release | [ri'li:s] | 联想记忆 | ||
| cartoon | [kɑ:'tu:n] | 联想记忆 | ||
| accumulate | [ə'kju:mjuleit] | 联想记忆 | ||
| sticky | ['stiki] | |||
| addition | [ə'diʃən] | 联想记忆 | ||
| synapse | [si'næps] |
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