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演讲简介：
博妮·柏索发现细菌间是会交谈的，它们用一种化学语言来达到共同防卫，协同攻击的行为。这个发现对今后的医疗、工业有着重大的意义，包括怎样认识我们人类自己。
n. (复数)细菌
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- And what I would hope that I could further argue to you is that this is the invention of multicellularity.
- 我希望能进一步地说服你们的是，这就是多细胞生物的起源。
- Bacteria have been on the Earth for billions of years; humans, couple hundred thousand.
- 细菌已经生存在地球上数十亿年了。人类只有数十万年而已。
- So we think bacteria made the rules for how multicellular organization works.
- 我们认为细菌制定了多细胞的组织运作规则。
- And we think, by studying bacteria, we're going to be able to have insight about multicellularity in the human body.
- 我们认为，通过研究细菌，我们将能够对人体内的多细胞系统有更进一步的认识。
- So we know that the principles and the rules, if we can figure them out in these sort of primitive organisms,
- 我们现在已经知道基本规则了，如果我们可以从这些原始生命体上进一步弄懂它们，
- the hope is that they will be applied to other human diseases and human behaviors as well.
- 这些规则也有希望能够应用到人类其它疾病与行为上。
- I hope that what you've learned is that bacteria can distinguish self from other.
- 我希望你们已经学到细菌是可以区分你我。
- So by using these two molecules they can say "me" and they can say "you."
- 使用这两种分子，它们可以表达“我”和“你”。
- Again of course that's what we do, both in a molecular way, and also in an outward way, but I think about the molecular stuff.
- 当然，这就是我们所做的，不仅只在分子层面上，同样也在行为上，只是我在分子层次上想的多一点。
- This is exactly what happens in your body.
- 这完全就是你们体内正在发生的事情。
- It's not like your heart cells and your kidney cells get all mixed up every day,
- 你们的心脏和肾脏细胞不会每天混杂在一起，
- and that's because there's all of this chemistry going on,
- 这是因为你体内有一大堆化学反应不断地进行着，
- these molecules that say who each of these groups of cells is, and what their tasks should be.
- 这些分子能够区分不同的细胞群组，还有它们所应该执行的任务。
- And so again, we think that bacteria invented that, and you've just evolved a few more bells and whistles,
- 再一次，我们认为细菌发明了这个机制，你只不过是多演化出了一些铃铛与哨子而已，
- but all of the ideas are in these simple systems that we can study.
- 但是所有的概念都包含在这个我们所研究的简单系统中。
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