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课程介绍:
简述各小节内容，亚历山大二世的统治，尼古拉二世的统治，俄国参加一战及其影响，结语。
原声视频：
adj. 经常的，不变的
n. 常数，恒量
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- Yet, the Russian bloodbath served the Allied cause.
- 俄国的浴血奋战还是对同盟国有帮助的
- Had the Russians not tied down massive amounts of German troops on the eastern front,
- 如果俄军没有在东线牵制住大批德国军队的话
- the Germans might otherwise have defeated the British and French before the Americans could have made any difference.
- 那么在美国参战前德军就很有可能会击败英法联军
- Predictably the Russians at home became more and more disgusted with the war.
- 可以想象，在国内，俄国人对战争越来越感到厌恶了
- As with the Russo-Japanese War, ten years earlier,
- 跟十年前的俄日战争一样
- the wars victims were precisely who made the biggest direct contribution to the economy, young male peasants and young male factory workers.
- 战争的受害者都是直接对经济做出最大贡献的人——年轻的农民和工人
- In Autumn 1915, Nicholas the Second took personal control, even if only nominally of the Russian forces.
- 1915年秋天，尼古拉二世亲自控制了俄国军队，尽管只是名义上的
- But all this meant was chaos back in Petrograd and Moscow.
- 但是在彼得格勒和莫斯科还是一团糟
- Whether Alexandra herself was appointing and dismissing the constant stream of ministers or whether it was Rasputin or nobody in particular,
- 不管是不是亚历山德拉本人在委任和遣散大臣还是拉斯普廷还是什么别的人
- the Russian government crumbled into bits while the Tsar was away playing solider.
- 俄国政府乱作一团，而沙皇本人则在前线扮演士兵的角色
- Food production suffered from the shortage of able bodied males.
- 粮食生产因为缺乏劳动力而减产
- Even peasants in the fields went hungry.
- 所有在田间劳作的农民都忍受着饥饿
- The railroad system suffered from bad management which complicated transport and also consumer goods.
- 铁路系统的管理非常混乱，让交通运输和消费品变得非常复杂
- In the cities, wages could not keep up with the sky rocketing costs of living.
- 在城市里，工资无法跟得上天价的生活开支
- The political parties continues to bicker accomplishing nothing.
- 各政治派别还是持续争执，虽然并没有任何收获
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| 重点单词 | 查看全部解释 | |||
| constant | ['kɔnstənt] | 联想记忆 | ||
| massive | ['mæsiv] | |||
| complicated | ['kɔmplikeitid] | |||
| bicker | ['bikə] | 联想记忆 | ||
| stream | [stri:m] | |||
| particular | [pə'tikjulə] | 联想记忆 | ||
| contribution | [.kɔntri'bju:ʃən] | |||
| transport | [træns'pɔ:t] | 联想记忆 | ||
| control | [kən'trəul] | |||
| predictably |
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