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课程介绍:
本课介绍了俄国历史上著名的几位统治者和他们对俄国发展作出的贡献，反映了14-17世纪间俄国的政治、经济与文化发展。
原声视频：
v. 逃跑，逃脱，避开
n. 逃跑，逃脱，(逃
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- He soon signed peace treaties with Sweden, 1617, and Poland, 1619.
- 很快，他在1617年与瑞典签署了和平条约，1619年又与波兰签订和平条约
- The second of these treaties brought home from exile Mikhail's father, the Patriarch Filaret.
- 第二个和平条约使得米哈伊尔被流放的父亲，大牧首菲拉列特得以返乡
- In his earlier, secular life as the Boyar Fyodor Nikitich Romanov,
- 在他早期，作为波雅尔费奥多·罗维奇·罗曼诺夫过着世俗生活时
- Filaret had been considered as a possible successor to the late Tsar Fyodor, but he gave was to Boris Godunov.
- 菲拉列特被认为是末代沙皇费奥多的合适继承人，但是他最终还是传给了鲍里斯·戈都诺夫
- Boris ordered Fyodor Romanov to become a monk, which he did,
- 鲍里斯下令让费奥多·罗曼诺夫成为修道士，他也这么做了
- and he drove Filaret back into the camp of the false Dmitry brothers.
- 他把菲拉列特驱逐到伪德米特里兄弟那里
- But eight years in Polish exile had earned Filaret the good estimation of the Russian people.
- 但是在波兰的8年放逐生活中，菲拉列特得到了俄罗斯人的尊敬
- All Russia welcomed him back home in 1619, especially his son, the Tsar Mikhail.
- 1619年，全俄罗斯上下都欢庆他的回归，尤其是他的儿子，沙皇米哈伊尔
- Indeed most scholars Filaret as the quiet senior partner in his son's government.
- 确实大部分的学者认为，菲拉列特在儿子统治期间起到了主要的摄政作用
- The Zemsky Sobor was not all but ignored.
- 全俄罗斯缙绅会议几乎被忽略
- Mikhail continued the muscovite tradition of binding the Russian peasants to the land.
- 米哈伊尔延续了把农民与土地捆绑在一起的莫斯科传统
- Those peasants who could escape fled to the Cossack territory in the south, Russia's version of the Wild Wild American West.
- 那些得以逃生的农民逃到了南边的哥萨克地区，这个地方相当于美国的西部地区
- No questions asked, just do what you want.
- 在那里没有质疑，可以随心所欲
- The remaining peasants, however, were stuck being serfs, little more than human farm machinery.
- 剩下的农民们就被迫沦为农奴，比起人工农场机器好不了多少
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