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课程介绍:
本集讲解了：莫斯科大公国成为俄罗斯帝国、征集土地、伊凡雷帝统治时期、全篇总结俄罗斯成功的要素，详细说明波雅儿发展的来龙去脉。
原声视频：
n. 支配，控制，管辖 （复数）dominations:
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- By age thirteen however, young Ivan decided to take control of his own life and his own country.
- 到13岁的时候，年轻的伊凡决定掌握自己的生活和国家。
- At his command, the Boyar Andrei Shuisky who had once dared to place his muddy boots on Ivan's bed
- 在他的率领下，波雅尔·安德烈·叔伊斯基，那个曾经敢把带泥的靴子放在伊凡床上的人，
- was thrown into a cell of ferocious and hungry dogs.
- 被丢进了装有恶狗的牢狱中。
- On January 16th, 1547, Ivan had himself crowned at the Cathedral of the Dormition,
- 1547年1月16日，伊凡自己在圣母升天大教堂加冕，
- not as Grand Prince of Moscow, but as Tsar of all the Russias.
- 不是作为莫斯科大公，而是整个俄罗斯的沙皇。
- The 17 year old with the sad upbringing would rule his country on his own terms.
- 17岁的他带着悲惨的童年经历，按照自己的想法治理国家。
- Total domination! And this he did to such an extent that he became known in Russia as Ivan Grozny,
- 完全的统治，他做到这样的程度：使他在俄国被称为伊凡格罗斯尼，
- translated into English as either or both of "Ivan the Awesome" or "Ivan the Terrible".
- 翻译成英语既可以是伟大的伊凡，也可以是伊凡雷帝。
- For someone who had endured such a wretched childhood and who would become one of history's greatest despots,
- 对于有着这样悲惨童年的人，又会成为历史上伟大的独裁者，
- Ivan started his reign on a positive note.
- 伊凡开始以积极的态度统治俄罗斯。
- In 1547, he married a Boyar's daughter named Anastasia Romanovna, who he loved and honored to her dying day.
- 1547年，他娶了一位波雅尔的女儿安娜塔西亚，直到她去世的那一天，他一直深爱并尊敬她。
- In 1549, Ivan flirted with democracy by summoning the first Zemsky Sobor, an assembly of nobility, clergy, and townsmen.
- 1549年，伊凡视民主如儿戏，召集第一次缙绅会议——是一次贵族，神职人员和市民的集会。
- Although Ivan intended the Zemsky Sobor as a mere rubber stamp for his plans,
- 伊凡打算把缙绅会议只当成他政治计划的一个橡皮图章，
- even pretending to listen to the people was more than any of his predecessors had ever done!
- 甚至假装听取民意超过于他的前任！
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