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课程介绍:
本集介绍如下内容：俄罗斯民族的起源、斯拉夫文化对俄罗斯的影响、俄罗斯的成长之路弗拉基米尔如何确定东正教为国教、俄国农民在各个方面的不公、蒙古统治的特点、教堂对俄国语言，民族团结发挥了重要作用。
原声视频：
adj. 保留的，预订的，冷淡的，缄默的
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- Provided they paid their taxes, provided that they furnish troops for the Mongol army.
- 只要他们交税，只要他们为蒙古军队提供人员，
- And provided they paid a personal homage to the Great Khan all the way back in Carol corrom.
- 只要他们对大汗效忠。
- Although the Mongols contributed very little to Russian culture, they did tolerate Russian ways.
- 尽管蒙古对俄罗斯的文化发展没有发挥多大的作用，但他们是包容俄罗斯的。
- They even allowed the Orthodox Church to name a Bishop for the Mongol capital city of Sarai.
- 他们甚至允许东正教堂为蒙古的首都萨莱任命一名主教。
- Perhaps they believed that allowing religious freedom would make the Russians less likely to rise up.
- 也许他们认为允许宗教自由就不会让俄国人起来反抗。
- Whatever the reason the Russian Orthodox faith kept the Russian people together.
- 无论什么原因，俄罗斯的东正教堂将俄罗斯人民团结在一起。
- And preserved the remainder of Kiev and Russ culture.
- 并且保留了基辅和俄罗斯文化的剩余。
- As the Mongol empire began to fall apart, the Golden Horde loosened its hold a little bit.
- 在蒙古帝国开始四分五裂，金帐汗国的统治开始瓦解之时，
- After a while the Mongols allowed the Russians to collect the all-important taxes themselves.
- 蒙古允许俄罗斯自己征收所有重要的税收。
- A letter of patent called the Yarlyk was granted to one of another of the Princes of Russ.
- 一封叫做Yarlyk特权信授予俄罗斯的一个王公。
- Making him the Great Khan's chief tax collector.
- 任命他成为大汗的首席征税官。
- The holder of the Yarlik automatically received the title Grand Prince.
- 持有Yarlik的人就自然会得到大公的头衔。
- And reserved the right to use Mongol troops against tax cheats or against anybody else who displeased him.
- 并且享有使用蒙古军队抵制骗税的行为或者打击任何让他不满意的人。
- Because Great Novgorod had avoided capture by the Golden Horde, its government was allowed to develop in its own way.
- 因为诺夫哥罗德公国没有被金帐汗国占领，政府就被允许按照他们自己的方式发展。
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