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经济学家和前财政部长恩戈齐·奥孔乔-伊韦拉说：“非洲的发展是一个趋势，而不是偶然。”在这份相当坦率且直截了当的演讲中，奥孔乔-伊韦拉描述了这片大陆上的积极进展，并概述了非洲国家为创造一个更美好的未来仍需解决的八个挑战。
adj. 负债的，受惠的
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- Two, debt. In 1994, the debt-to-GDP ratio of African countries was 130 percent, and they didn't have fiscal space.
- 第二件事，债务。在1994年，非洲国家债务对GDP的比例是130%，而且他们没有财政空间。
- They couldn't use their resources to invest in their development because they were paying debt.
- 他们无法用自己的资源去投资于自己的发展，因为他们都在偿还债务。
- 00:13.88]There may be some of you in this room who worked to support African countries to get debt relief.
- 在这里也许有一部分人为支持非洲国家的债务减免努力过。
- So private creditors, multilaterals and bilaterals came together
- 所以个人债权人、多边与双向债权人走到了一起
- and decided to do the Highly Indebted Poor Countries Initiative and give debt relief.
- 决定发起“重债穷国倡议”并且给予债务减免。
- So this debt relief in 2005 made the debt-to-GDP ratio fall down to about 30 percent,
- 因此在2005年，这项债务减免使（非洲国家）的债务/GDP比率下降到了30%，
- and there was enough resources to try and reinvest.
- 这就有了足够的资源去尝试和再投资。
- The third thing was loss-making enterprises.
- 第三件事是亏损企业。
- Governments were involved in business which they had no business being in.
- 政府参与到了他们本无权参与的商业中。
- And they were running businesses, they were making losses.
- 他们经营着企业，造成了亏损。
- So some of these enterprises were restructured,
- 所以其中一些企业被重组，
- commercialized, privatized or closed, and they became less of a burden on government.
- 商业化、私有化或者关闭，于是他们让政府的负担减轻了。
- The fourth thing was a very interesting thing.
- 第四件事则非常有趣。
- The telecoms revolution came, and African countries jumped on it.
- 电信革命来了，非洲国家抓住了这个机会。
- In 2000, we had 11 million phone lines.
- 在2000年，我们已经拥有了1100万根电线。
- Today, we have about 687 million mobile lines on the continent.
- 到了今天，我们在这片大陆上大概建造了6.87亿电线。
- And this has enabled us to go, move forward with some mobile technology where Africa is actually leading.
- 这使得我们能够在某些非洲正领先的方面去推进一些移动技术。
- In Kenya, the development of mobile money -- M-Pesa, which all of you have heard about --
- 在肯尼亚，你们都听说过的移动支付--M-Pesa--正风靡全国。
- it took some time for the world to notice that Africa was ahead in this particular technology.
- 世界花了一点时间才注意到，非洲在这项特殊技术上是领先的。
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| 重点单词 | 查看全部解释 | |||
| indebted | [in'detid] | 联想记忆 | ||
| initiative | [i'niʃətiv] | 联想记忆 | ||
| revolution | [.revə'lu:ʃən] | 联想记忆 | ||
| fiscal | ['fiskəl] | 联想记忆 | ||
| relief | [ri'li:f] | 联想记忆 | ||
| particular | [pə'tikjulə] | 联想记忆 |
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