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演讲简介：
牛津大学哲学家和超人类主义学家尼克·波斯特洛姆对人类前景进行审视，并提出以下疑问：我们是否应该重新定义人道来解决人类最根本的问题?
adj. 精神的，心灵的，与上帝有关的
n.
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- Now, let me spend the rest of my time on the third big problem,
- 现在，让我把余下的时间花在对第三个重大问题的探讨上。
- because it's more subtle and perhaps difficult to grasp.
- 因为这个问题更加微妙，也可能难以把握。
- Think about some time in your life --
- 试着回忆一下你生命中的某些时刻——
- some people might never have experienced it
- 有些人可能从未体会过——
- but some people, there are just those moments that you have experienced where life was fantastic.
- 但有些人在他们生命的某些时刻体会到生命的美妙。
- It might have been at the moment of some great, creative inspiration
- 它可能是当你进入心流体验时
- you might have had when you just entered this flow stage.
- 所经历的很棒的、产生创造性灵感的时候。
- Or when you understood something you had never done before.
- 或者是当你弄懂了某件以往从未涉足的事情的时刻。
- Or perhaps in the ecstasy of romantic love.
- 或者是浪漫爱情中那销魂迷醉的时刻。
- Or an aesthetic experience -- a sunset or a great piece of art.
- 或者是一种对美感的欣赏——如一次落日，或一幅名画。
- Every once in a while we have these moments,
- 时不时的，我们便会经历这样的时刻，
- and we realize just how good life can be when it's at its best.
- 我们意识到，生命最美好的时刻是多么令人陶醉。
- And you wonder, why can't it be like that all the time?
- 然后你就想，为什么生活不能总是那么美好呢?
- You just want to cling onto this.
- 你就是想抓住此刻不放。
- And then, of course, it drifts back into ordinary life and the memory fades.
- 然后呢，当然，生活又回到了常态，美好记忆悄然消退。
- And it's really difficult to recall, in a normal frame of mind, just how good life can be at its best.
- 对我们来说，以一颗平常之心是非常难以回想生活在最精彩的时候是多么的美好，
- Or how bad it can be at its worst.
- 或在最差劲的时候是多么的糟糕。
- The third big problem is that life isn't usually as wonderful as it could be.
- 第三个重大问题是，生命通常达不到它可能达到的美妙状态。
- I think that's a big, big problem.
- 我想这是一个非常，非常大的问题。
- It's easy to say what we don't want.
- 我们很容易指出出我们不喜欢的东西。
- Here are a number of things that we don't want
- 以下都是我们避之而不及的东西
- illness, involuntary death, unnecessary suffering, cruelty,
- 疾病、非自愿死亡、不必要的痛苦、残酷、
- stunted growth, memory loss, ignorance, absence of creativity.
- 发育停滞、健忘症、无知，以及缺乏创造力。
- Suppose we fixed these things -- we did something about all of these.
- 假设我们解决了这些问题——我们对所有这些都采取些措施。
- We were very successful. We got rid of all of these things.
- 我们对此非常成功。我们摆脱了所有这些难题。
- We might end up with something like this,
- 我们可能会变成这样。
- which is -- I mean, it's a heck of a lot better than that.
- 我的意思是，这将比原来的境况要好一百倍，
- But is this really the best we can dream of?
- 但是，这真的是我们能想到的最好结果吗？
- Is this the best we can do?
- 这真的是我们所能做的最好程度吗？
- Or is it possible to find something a little bit more inspiring to work towards?
- 还是有可能找到一些更加鼓舞人心的目标来为之奋斗？
- And if we think about this,
- 如果我们这样想，
- I think it's very clear that there are ways in which we could change things,
- 我认为，有一点非常明确，那就是如果想改变现状，
- not just by eliminating negatives, but adding positives.
- 除了消除负面因素，还可以增加积极因素。
- On my wish list, at least, would be:
- 至少在我的愿望清单上会有——
- much longer, healthier lives, greater subjective well-being,
- 更长久、更健康的幸福，更美满的康乐安宁，
- enhanced cognitive capacities, more knowledge and understanding,
- 更强的认知能力，更多的知识和领悟力，
- unlimited opportunity for personal growth
- 超越目前人类生物极限的无限的个人成长机会，
- beyond our current biological limits, better relationships,
- 更好的人际关系，
- an unbounded potential for spiritual, moral and intellectual development.
- 更宽广的精神，道德以及才智方面的发展空间。
- If we want to achieve this, what, in the world, would have to change?
- 如果我们想达到这些目标，世界应如何改变？
- And this is the answer -- we would have to change.
- 答案是——该改变的是我们。
- Not just the world around us, but we, ourselves.
- 不仅仅改变我们周围的世界，更应该改变我们自己。
- Not just the way we think about the world, but the way we are -- our very biology.
- 不仅仅改变我们看待世界的方式，还有我们自身存在的方式——我们自身的生物特性。
- Human nature would have to change.
- 人类本质必须要改变。
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