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演讲简介：
哲学家Dan Dennett有力地论述了其观点：我们不仅不了解自己的意识，而且一半时间都被大脑愚弄着。
adj. 确定的，必然的，特定的
pron.
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- The artist had very cleverly suggested people and clothes and wagons and all sorts of things,
- 艺术家很聪明地暗示了人物和服装，以及车马还有其他事物，
- and my brain had taken the suggestion.
- 而我的大脑接受了这样的暗示。
- You're familiar with a more recent technology, which is
- 你们很熟悉一个更新的技术，就在--这个。
- There, you can get a better view of the blobs.
- 你们可以更好地看到颗粒。
- See, when you get close they're really just blobs of paint.
- 看，当你移近时，他们就真的只是颜料粒。
- You will have seen something like this -- this is the reverse effect.
- 你应该看过像这样的东西——相反的效果。
- I'll just give that to you one more time.
- 我再来演示一次。
- Now, what does your brain do when it takes the suggestion?
- 好，那么当你的大脑接受暗示时他做了什么呢？
- When an artful blob of paint or two, by an artist, suggests a person say,
- 当艺术家的一两滴颜料粒暗示了一个人
- one of Marvin Minsky's little society of mind
- 比如，一个Marvin Minsky的小社会心态
- do they send little painters out to fill in all the details in your brain somewhere?
- 难道他们把小画家送到你的脑子里来填充所有细节？
- I don't think so. Not a chance. But then, how on Earth is it done?
- 我觉得不是。没有任何可能，不过那样的话，那这些又到底是怎么回事？
- Well, remember the philosopher's explanation of the lady?
- 还记得哲学家怎么解释那个被锯成两半的女士吗？
- It's the same thing.
- 这是同一件事情。
- The brain just makes you think that it's got the detail there.
- 大脑只是让你确信它得到了那处细节。
- You think the detail's there, but it isn't there.
- 你想着细节在那里，但是他不在。
- The brain isn't actually putting the detail in your head at all.
- 大脑并没有把细节放入脑海中。
- It's just making you expect the detail.
- 它只是让你期待细节。
- Let's just do this experiment very quickly.
- 让我们快速地过下这个试验。
- Is the shape on the left the same as the shape on the right, rotated? Yes.
- 左边的形状旋转后是不是与右边的完全相同？是的。
- How many of you did it by rotating the one on the left in your mind's eye,
- 多少人把左边的形状旋转了，在想象中，
- to see if it matched up with the one on the right?
- 来看它是否与右边那个一致？
- How many of you rotated the one on the right? OK.
- 有多少人旋转的是右边那个？好的。
- How do you know that's what you did?
- 你怎么知道那就是你所作的？
- There's in fact been a very interesting debate raging for over 20 years in cognitive science
- 实际上这有个非常有趣的争论，在认知科学领域持续了20年
- various experiments started by Roger Shepherd,
- 由Roger Shepherd开始的各种试验，
- who measured the angular velocity of rotation of mental images.
- 他测量了人的意识中图像的旋转角速度。
- Yes, it's possible to do that.
- 是的，这是做得到的。
- But the details of the process are still in significant controversy.
- 但是过程的细节还有着明显的争议。
- And if you read that literature, one of the things that you really have to come to terms with is
- 如果你阅读相关的文献，有件事情你一定要妥协的是
- even when you're the subject in the experiment, you don't know.
- 即使你是实验对象，你也无从知道。
- You don't know how you do it.
- 你不知道你是怎么做到的。
- You just know that you have certain beliefs.
- 你只是知道你有特定的信念
- And they come in a certain order, at a certain time.
- 他们在特定的时间以特定的顺序出现。
- And what explains the fact that that's what you think?
- 那么，如何解释“那就是你所想的”这个事实呢？
- Well, that's where you have to go backstage and ask the magician.
- 那，你就要到后台去问魔术师了。
- This is a figure that I love: Bradley, Petrie, and Dumais.
- 这是我喜欢的图示：Bradley, Petrie,以及 Dumais。
- You may think that I've cheated, that I've put a little whiter-than-white boundary there.
- 你可能觉得我在骗你，通过放置一些不显眼的边界。
- How many of you see that sort of boundary, with the Necker cube floating in front of the circles?
- 多少人看到了那种边界，通过把内克尔方块放在圆圈的前面？
- Can you see it?
- 你可以看到吗？
- Well, you know, in effect, the boundary's really there, in a certain sense.
- 看起来，在特定情境下，是有边界的。
- Your brain is actually computing that boundary, the boundary that goes right there.
- 你的大脑计算出了那种边界，让边界出现在那里。
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