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本课程结合大量地图，探索了美国总统大选（包括过去和现在）中的地理学，并且对仅仅简单把美国分为红州（共和党）和蓝州（民主党）这一说法提出挑战。现实中，美国社会两党的情况，远比这种简单的两分法要复杂。
n. 有相互关系的东西，相关物
v. 使有相互
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- What if we just look at, find out, look at states
- 如果我们只观察那些
- where the vast majority of people were graduated from high school
- 大部分居民都拥有高中学历的州
- Not talking about people with higher levels of education
- 不考虑人们是否具有更高的学历
- but just looking at those where just about anyone is high school degree
- 只考虑那些居民大部分达到高中学历
- Not many high school drop-outs so people have attended high school
- 高中辍学率低，大部分居民都上过高中的州
- And by this measure, Minnesota is the most educated state
- 依照这种衡量方法，明尼苏达州是教育水平最高的
- which voted for Kerry but not by a huge margin
- 而它将选票投给了克里，但他获胜的优势很小
- Then we got Montana
- 第二名的是蒙大拿州
- Wyoming one of the most Republican voting state, 29% for Kerry
- 其后是怀俄明州，共和党支持率最高的州之一，克里在该州只获得了29%的选票
- Nebraska, Utah very heavily Republican voting states
- 内布拉斯加州和犹他州都是共和党支持率非常高的州
- And again New Hampshire coming in
- 我们又看见新罕布什尔州榜上有名
- So for the states where everyone is educated to the high school level it just about everyone is a mixed bag
- 可见，当我们关注高中学历人口比率较高的州时似乎原来的规律被打乱了
- And actually lots of these states were heavily Republican voting
- 而且事实上很多这样的州都是忠实支持共和党的
- States where they have a lot of people who have not completed high school with Texas being at the bottom
- 相反，在那些未达到高中学历的人较多的州中德州的高中毕业率最低
- All except when we get to Rhode island which actually I was very surprised to see voting for Republican party
- 让我惊讶的是这些右边的这列州中，除了罗德岛州，其他州都将选票投给了共和党
- What's interesting actually you don't have to go many more steps down to find California
- 如我们所料，即使不看这些数据，我们也能知道加州的情况
- As a high percentage of people who have not completed high school
- 加州作为一个高中辍学率极高的州
- as well as high percentage of people who have advanced degrees
- 同时也是高学历人口比例很高的州
- California, a very bifurcated state on income, on education, on other sorts of issues
- 加州的两极分化情况极为严重，无论是收入，教育程度还是其它方面
- This map aren't particularly good
- 这幅地图可能看的不清楚
- but it's showing county level data showing percentage of population without a high school degree
- 它是一幅县级地图，反映了各州无高中学位人口的比例
- So the white counties are the ones where virtually everybody has a high school degree or better
- 白色表示该县几乎所有人口都有高中或以上学历
- The dark red area is substantial percentage of people who don't
- 深红色的县则有很多无高中学位的人口
- And you can see very clear pattern what's some exceptions
- 地图的颜色分布规律非常明显，除了一些比较例外的情况
- The exceptions here are generally American Indian reservations
- 所谓例外包括印第安人保护区
- We'll talking about those later
- 我们稍后会详细讲
- but we can see these areas in the north, central part of the country
- 这些保护区主要分布在美国的中北部地区
- Some Democratic voting states like Minnesota some Republican states like Nebraska or Kansas
- 如支持民主党的明尼苏达州以及支持共和党的内布拉斯加和堪萨斯州
- So it's original pattern doesn't correlate that well with voting patterns
- 这些区域的教育水平和选举倾向可能没什么关系
- New England fairly well educated
- 新英格兰地区教育水平很高
- Or the opposite maps here, just percentage of population with bachelor's degree or higher
- 来看一另一幅的地图，反映的是本科及以上学位的人口比例
- Again we can see some other similar pattern
- 我们再次看到一些类似的规律
- Actually high levels of education from Colorado, Wyoming, Montana as well as the plain states
- 一些州教育水平很高，如科罗拉多，怀俄明，蒙大拿，以及一些分布在大平原地区的州
- Much lower in the south and actually fairly low in the good part of the middle west
- 南部的高等教育水平明显低得多，中西部的不少地区水平也较低
- So at this level the educational pattern doesn't fit quite so well
- 从这个角度观察教育水平对投票倾向的影响并不明显
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