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演讲简介：
核恐怖已经随着冷战的结束而减弱，但是灾难医学专家伊文·雷德莱纳提醒我们这个威胁依然存在。他回顾了历史上一些荒谬的关于应对核袭击的对策，并给出了一些切实可行的在核袭击中生存的建议。
n. 垂直线 adj. 垂直的，直立的，陡峭的
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- And what happens is -- this is -- I'm going to show you now some fallout plumes.
- 接下来将要发生的－这是－我现在要向大家演示放射性坠尘。
- Within 20 minutes, it comes straight down.
- 在20分钟内，坠尘直线下落；
- Within 24 hours, lethal radiation is going out with prevailing winds,
- 24小时内，致命的辐射将随着盛行风飘散
- and it's mostly in this particular direction -- it's going northeast.
- 基本上沿着某一特定方向向东北方飘去
- And if you're in this vicinity, you've got to get away.
- 如果你在这附近，就得设法逃离
- So you're feeling the wind -- and this tremendous wind now that you're going to be feeling --
- 如果你感觉到了风，感觉到这股强劲的风
- and you want to go perpendicular to the wind or downwind,
- 你就应该沿着垂直与风向的方向逃走或者顺着风的方向
- if you are in fact able to see where the blast was in front of you.
- 如果你能看到爆炸发生的地方的话
- You've got to get out of there.
- 你必须赶快离开那儿
- If you don't get out of there, you're going to be exposed to lethal radiation in very short order.
- 如果你没有迅速离开，你很快就会近距离暴露在致命的辐射中
- If you can't get out of there, we want you to go into a shelter and stay there.
- 如果你无法离开那里，我希望你能找一个避难所躲起来
- Now, in a shelter in an urban area means you have to be either in a basement as deep as possible,
- 躲在城市里的避难所指的是，要么躲在地下室，越深越好
- or you have to be on a floor -- on a high floor --
- 要么躲在楼上，越高越好
- if it's a ground burst explosion, which it would be, higher than the ninth floor.
- 如果是爆炸发生在地面上，辐射尘可能会到达9楼。
- So you have to be tenth floor or higher, or in the basement.
- 所以你需要跑到10楼或者更高的楼层，或者躲到地下室
- But basically, you've got to get out of town as quickly as possible.
- 但总的来说，你需要尽快离开这座城市，越快越好
- And if you do that, you actually can survive a nuclear blast.
- 如果你这么做了，你其实是可以在一次核爆炸中生还的
- Over the next few days to a week, there will be a radiation cloud,
- 在之后的几天到一周内，如有辐射云
- again, going with the wind, and settling down for another 15 or 20 miles out
- 同样随着风，然后下落，继续往前推进15到20英里
- in this case, over Long Island.
- 在这个例子中会飘过长岛
- And if you're in the direct fallout zone here,
- 如果你处于放射性坠尘经过的区域
- you really have to either be sheltered or you have to get out of there,
- 你真的需要躲进避难所或者尽快离开
- and that's clear. But if you are sheltered, you can actually survive.
- 这很明显。但那是如果你能躲进避难所，你确实可以生还
- The difference between knowing information of what you're going to do personally,
- 每个人是否知道应该如何逃生
- and not knowing information, can save your life,
- 所带来的区别
- and it could mean the difference between 150,000 to 200,000 fatalities
- 影响了最终的死亡人数是15万还是20万
- from something like this and half a million to 700,000 fatalities.
- 在这个例子中，将意味着死亡人数能否从70万减少到50万
- So, response planning in the twenty-first century is both possible and is essential.
- 所以，21世纪的核应急预案不仅是可能的而且是必须的
- But in 2008, there isn't one single American city
- 但是直到2008年，全美国没有一个城市
- that has done effective plans to deal with a nuclear detonation disaster.
- 拥有有效的应急预案来应对一次核爆炸灾难
- Part of the problem is that the emergency planners themselves,
- 部分原因是应急预案的制定者，
- personally, are overwhelmed psychologically by the thought of nuclear catastrophe.
- 他们自己都已经被核灾难这一想法从心理上击溃了
- They are paralyzed.
- 他们不知所措。
- You say "nuclear" to them, and they're thinking,
- 你如果和他们说起“核”，他们会想，
- "Oh my God, we're all gone. What's the point? It's futile."
- “天啊，我们全都得死。还有什么可说的呢？这都是徒劳。”
- And we're trying to tell them, "It's not futile.
- 我们所尝试的就是告诉他们这其实并非徒劳：
- We can change the survival rates by doing some commonsensical things."
- 我们可以通过做一些常识普及的工作来提高生还比例
- So the goal here is to minimize fatalities.
- 我们的目标是将死亡人数降至最低
- And I just want to leave you with the personal points that I think you might be interested in.
- 我希望留给大家一些个人的看法，我认为你们可能会感兴趣的。
- The key to surviving a nuclear blast is getting out, and not going into harm's way.
- 在核爆炸中生存的关键就是逃出去，并且不要误入危险区域
- That's basically all we're going to be talking about here.
- 这基本上就是我们接下来要讨论的全部内容
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| 重点单词 | 查看全部解释 | |||
| perpendicular | [.pə:pən'dikjulə] | 联想记忆 | ||
| radiation | [.reidi'eiʃən] | |||
| minutes | ['minits] | |||
| detonation | [.detəu'neiʃən] | |||
| shelter | ['ʃeltə] | 联想记忆 | ||
| psychologically | [,psaikə'lɔdʒikəli] | |||
| prevailing | [pri'veiliŋ] | 联想记忆 | ||
| minimize | ['minimaiz] | 联想记忆 | ||
| disaster | [di'zɑ:stə] | 联想记忆 | ||
| futile | ['fju:tail] |
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