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课程介绍:
本课程对罗马帝国和前苏联的兴衰进行回顾，探讨它们历史变迁的内在规律，并将现代的超级大国——美国与它们进行比较，从而作出对未来可能的一些预测。
原声视频：
n. 威胁，凶兆
vt. 威胁, 恐吓
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- This arrangement bolstered security by virtually removing the threat of any client armies.
- 这一设置解除了任何军队的威胁，保证了国家安全。
- Every soldier now swore an oath to Augustus and to Rome.
- 每一个士兵都向奥古斯都和罗马宣誓。
- This arrangement also benefitted the people of the provinces
- 这一设置也有利于各行省的人民，
- since Augustus recognized the connection between happy provincials and a smaller roman military establishment.
- 因为奥古斯都意识到幸福的行省与小规模的罗马军事编制之间的联系。
- He therefore ensured that provincial governors actually governed the provinces instead of exploiting them.
- 因此他确保行省的统治者是管理行省而不是剥削行省。
- Augustus also made a big deal of trying to restore that good old time Roman state religion,
- 奥古斯都还大力尝试恢复原来的罗马国教，
- religious rights were reestablished in the cult of Augustus' own genius, or guardian spirit was established.
- 宗教权利在对奥古斯都个人天才的盲目崇拜下重新建立起来了。
- This was partially encouraged by Eastern concepts of the God King.
- 或者说建立起守护者精神，一部分是由于受到了东部天神观念的鼓动。
- In fact in parts of the East Augustus was in fact worshipped as a god himself.
- 事实上在东部部分地区，奥古斯都就被当做天神来崇拜。
- Augustus also was involved with public morality he even exiled his own daughter for being promiscuous.
- 奥古斯都也十分重视社会道德，他的女儿因为通奸被他驱逐。
- Literature and the arts in general flourished under Augustus' time and often went to Augustus' personal support.
- 在奥古斯都时期，文学和艺术十分繁荣，得到奥古斯都本人的支持
- But as in all matters Augustus' literary posture was carefully contrived for a certain goal.
- 但是就像其他事物一样，奥古斯都的文学立场都是细心设计。
- However, even Augustus himself could not foresee or manage everything.
- 为达到某种目的的，然而即使是奥古斯都本人也难以预料或掌控一切。
- Specifically he had produced no male offspring to serve as heir,
- 尤其是他没有男性后代来做继承人，
- as he had been Julius Caesar's heir.
- 就像他是尤利乌斯·凯撒的继承人。
- He adopted his adult stepson Tiberius,
- 他收养了继子提比略，
- he gave his personal blessing and the magic name of Caesar.
- 把他的神赐与凯撒这个神奇的名字一并给了继子。
- But giving Tiberius anything more would be a violation of the Mos Majorum.
- 但是提比略继承的更多的是军队的暴乱。
- The status of Rome's Pater Familias could not simply be handed down like that.
- 罗马的家父制状况不是像这样简单的传递的。
- It would smack of kingship.
- 它和王权有些相似
- It would blow the facade right off the Trium-, off of the Principate.
- 它将元首制的本质暴露出来。
- Poor Tiberius had a tough act to follow.
- 可怜的提比略不得不艰难的前行。
- He had to earn the Patriate Prostestas needed to rule the Roman world.
- 他需要赢得家长权从而来统治罗马世界。
- All the while standing in the shadow of the big man.
- 他一直处于他父亲的阴影中，
- Back after this swig of club soda.
- 等我喝完这杯苏打水再继续。
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