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本集视频介绍了心脏跳动时“咚哒”声音的由来和过程，帮助观者熟悉心脏跳动的宏观机理，了解心脏的工作过程。
adv. 同时地(联立地)
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- If you take a good long listen to your heart,
- 大家如果听一下自己的心跳
- you'll actually notice that it makes sounds.
- 会发现其实心跳是有声音的
- And those sounds are usually described as lub dub, lub dub, lub dub.
- 心跳声一般形容为“咚哒”、“咚哒”
- And if you actually try to figure out what that would spell out like, usually it's something L- U- B, D- U- B.
- 写出来的话形容一下这个声音，就是咚-哒
- And it just repeats over and over and over.
- 同样的声音不停地反复
- And to sort of figure out where those sounds come from,
- 要弄清声音的来源
- what I did is I took that diagram of the heart that we've been using and actually exaggerated the valves,
- 我重新贴了心脏的图着重画了瓣膜的部分
- made them really, really clear to see in this picture.
- 这样大家看瓣膜看的很清楚了
- And we'll use those valves to kind of talk through where those sounds are coming from.
- 我们利用这些瓣膜结构来看声音是怎么产生的
- So let's start by labeling our heart.
- 首先来标注一下心脏的结构
- So we've got at the top, blood is coming into the right atrium and going to the right ventricle.
- 上边，血液从右心房开始进入右心室
- It goes off to the lungs, comes back into the left atrium and then the left ventricle.
- 然后进入肺部，流入左心房，再进入左心室
- So these are the chambers of our heart.
- 这些是心脏内的房室
- Now, keep your eye on the valves.
- 下面来看瓣膜
- And we'll actually talk about them as the blood moves through.
- 顺着血液流动我们来介绍
- So let's start with blood going from the right atrium this way into the right ventricle.
- 从右心房这里开始流入右心室
- Now, at the same moment that blood is actually going from the right atrium to the right ventricle,
- 同时，在血液从右心房流入右心室的时候
- blood is actually also going from the left atrium to the left ventricle.
- 血液也在从左心房流入左心室
- Now, you might think, well, how's that possible?
- 大家可能要问，这可能吗？
- How can blood be in two places at one time?
- 血液怎么可能同时在两个地方？
- But now remember that blood is constantly moving through the heart.
- 注意，血液一直是流动的
- So in a previous cycle, you actually had some blood that was coming back from the lungs,
- 而上一个心脏工作周期中，可能有血液从肺部流出
- and that's what's dumping into the left ventricle.
- 进入了左心房
- And in a new cycle, you have a bit of blood that's going from the right atrium to the right ventricle.
- 而在这个工作周期中，血液也要从右心房进入右心室
- So you have simultaneously two chambers that are full of blood-- the right and left ventricle.
- 这时就会存在两个房室同时充满血液，即右心室和左心室
- Now, to get the blood into those ventricles, the valves had to open.
- 而血液要流入心室，瓣膜必须要打开
- And specifically, let's label all the valves now.
- 为了确切起见，我们先来标注一下瓣膜名称
- So here you have our tricuspid valve, and I'm going to label that as just a T.
- 这里是三尖瓣，我们用T标注
- And then up here, you have the pulmonary valve, and this'll be just a P.
- 这里是肺动脉瓣，我们用P标注
- And on the other side, you've got the mitral valve, which separates the left atrium from the left ventricle.
- 这里是二尖瓣，二尖瓣把左心房和左心室分隔开
- And you've got the aortic valve.
- 这里是主动脉瓣
- So these are the four valves of the heart.
- 这就是心脏中的四个瓣膜结构
- And as the blood is now in the ventricles,
- 现在血液都在心室中
- you can see that the tricuspid and the mitral valve are open.
- 大家可以看到，三尖瓣和二尖瓣是打开的
- So far, so good.
- 好，到现在的介绍大家应该能明白
- Now, I've actually drawn the pulmonary valve as being open.
- 大家看到，我画的肺动脉瓣也是打开的
- But is that really the case?
- 不过这时确实是打开的吗？
- And the answer is no, because what happens
- 实际上，答案是否定的
- is that as blood is moving down from the right atrium to the right ventricle, let's say that--
- 因为这时，血液从右心房进入右心室
- and I'm going to draw it in black.
- 之后我用黑色画
- Black arrows represent the bad or the wrong direction of flow.
- 黑色的方向代表错误的血液流动方向
- So let's say some blood is actually trying to go that way, which is not the way it should be going.
- 假设这时血液这样流动，实际上这个方向是错误的
- What happens is that these two valves, they, based on their shape,
- 那么根据瓣膜的构造
- are actually not-- they're going to jam up.
- 这时瓣膜应该是堵塞的状态
- They're going to basically just jam up like this, and they're not going to let the blood pass through.
- 实际上是关闭的，瓣膜不会让血液通过
- So this is what happens as that valve closes down.
- 这时瓣膜关闭的情况
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| 重点单词 | 查看全部解释 | |||
| simultaneously | [saiməl'teiniəsli] | |||
| valve | [vælv] | 联想记忆 | ||
| diagram | ['daiəgræm] | 联想记忆 | ||
| figure | ['figə] | 联想记忆 | ||
| exaggerated | [ig'zædʒəreitid] | |||
| constantly | ['kɔnstəntli] | |||
| previous | ['pri:vjəs] | 联想记忆 |
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