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视频简介：
本课程的目标是，向公众提供最新的有关营养方面的信息和话题，内容涵盖饮食因素对于癌症的影响作用，健康的饮食习惯，学校能提供的营养有哪些，咖啡因与癌症的联系，水果蔬菜与癌症预防等。通过本课程的学习，人们可以学习到健康的生活饮食习惯，在每天的饮食中防癌症于未然。
adj. 博学的，有见识的
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- When evaluating the safety of food additives
- 在评估食品添加剂的安全上
- the following criteria are examined by the federal drug administration.
- 联邦药品管理局制定了以下几方面标准
- The composition and the properties of the substance the amount that would typically be consumed,
- 添加剂的成分和性质使用的数量
- immediate and long-term health effects and various other safety factors.
- 及时和长期的健康效应以及一些其他的安全因素
- The FDA defines a food additive is safe when knowledgeable scientists can confirm that
- 食品及药物管理局规定,如果权威专家能够保证该种物质的使用无害
- a substance is not harmful for its intended uses.
- 那么它就是安全的
- The data must reflect safety depending on how it is going to be used,
- 数据必须从以下方面反应出它的安全性，如何使用添加剂，
- how much will be consumed and the population that will be consuming the product.
- 使用数量是多少以及将食用这种产品的人口数
- During the evaluation process by the FDA
- 在食品及药物管理局的评估过程中
- the level that should be used is determined by a built in safety margin.
- 添加剂的使用量由规定的安全权限决定
- And will only allow the use of minimal amounts that
- 而且该机构仅批准对人体无害
- would be harmless for human consumption and not cause any negative effects.
- 且不会产生消极影响的最低剂量
- After the criteria is investigated the FDA makes their judgment based on the scientific evidence
- 做完使用标准的调查并在科学证明的基础上
- that is available to determine that the additive will cause no negative side effect.
- 食品及药物管理局认定添加剂的使用不会给人体带来副作用
- The generally recognized as safe, or GRAS,
- 条目GRAS(一般认为安全的)就是
- the term is used by the FDA to describe products that are added to our food.
- 食药局用来形容加入食品中的产品的
- Items on the GRAS list are scientifically proven to be safe.
- GRAS清单上的所有物质都是科学认证的安全产品
- If the FDA does not approve a product
- 如果食药局没有认证某种物质
- they will take the action to prevent the distribution of that product.
- 那么他就会禁止这种物质的流通使用
- Products must be proven to be safe for the intended use
- 某种物质只有在被验证安全后
- before they are allowed to be placed on the market for consumers to purchase.
- 才能进入市场供消费者购买
- There are two types of food additives, direct and indirect.
- 市场上主要有两种添加剂，直接型和间接型的
- A direct food additive is what is added to food for a specific purpose.
- 直接食品添加剂是指为了特定目的加入食品的
- An example of a direct additive would be gums.
- 如口香糖
- But not the type we chew as chewing gum.
- 但这里并非指我们嚼的那种
- Gums are added to things such as salad dressings, pie fillings, frozen foods and even toothpaste.
- 而是加入到色拉酱调料，馅饼，冷冻食品甚至是牙膏中的那种
- By adding gum to the food it provides more stability a longer shelf life and a better mouth feel and texture.
- 食品中加入口香糖能够使之更具稳定性，贮藏时间更久，口感质地更精良
- You can find most direct additives on the food label,
- 我们在货架上能找到很多的直接食品添加剂
- a direct additive that will be covered later in this presentation is butylated hydroxyanisole, or BHA.
- 本讲稍后还会提到丁基羟基茴香醚就是这类中的一种
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