1、defend
防御;保卫;保护
Every man who could fight was now committed to defend the ridge.
每个能够参加战斗的男子现在都决心要保卫这条山脊。
His courage in defending religious and civil rights inspired many outside the church.
他在捍卫宗教和公民权利时所表现出来的勇气鼓舞了许多教会之外的人。
替…辩护;为…辩解;维护
Matt defended all of Clarence's decisions, right or wrong.
克拉伦斯的决定，不管对错，马特都予以维护。
The author defends herself against charges of racism by noting that blacks are only one of her targets.
面对种族主义指控，作者替自己辩护说黑人只是她的抨击目标之一。
(律师)为(被告)辩护
a lawyer who defended political prisoners during the military regime.
在军人政权时期为政治犯辩护的律师
He has hired a lawyer to defend him against the allegations.
他已聘请了一位律师针对这些指控为自己辩护。
2、initiate
开始;创始;发起
They wanted to initiate a discussion on economics.
他们想启动一次经济学讨论。
The trip was initiated by the manager of the community centre.
这次旅行由社区活动中心的经理发起。
(通过仪式)接纳，使加入
In many societies, young people are formally initiated into their adult roles.
在很多社会里,年轻人经过正式仪式才算成年。
the ceremony that initiated members into the Order.
吸收成员加入会社的仪式
使初步了解;向…传授基本技巧(或基础知识)
He initiated her into the study of other cultures.
他将她领进了研究其他文化的大门。