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心脏位于胸腔的正中央，从胚胎的第四周开始为人体输送血液，直到死亡为止，从不停止，这个过程大约为人体循环输送1.75亿升血液。本系列课程介绍了人体整个循环系统的组成与各部分的功能，主要内容包括：心脏，血管，血压，淋巴，胎儿与成人的循环过程，血压控制，心肌收缩，心脏的神经调节等内容。
n. 远景，看法，透视
adj. 透视的
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- I really like this picture that I found.
- 我个人非常喜欢这个图片
- It actually shows you really neatly where the heart sits in our body
- 非常准确地给出了心脏在体内的位置
- so you can see the heart is surrounded, on both sides, by ribs, right?
- 大家可以看到，心脏是由肋骨包围起来的
- And in fact, I didn't draw it in yet,
- 另外，我还没有画上
- but let me show you where the lungs would be.
- 给大家介绍一下肺的位置
- So this is where the lungs- this is the right lung and on this side you'd have the left lung.
- 这里是肺，这是右肺，左肺
- So this is where your heart sits: between two lungs.
- 心脏在两个肺之间
- And I'm saying left and right from the perspective of the the person who owns this heart.
- 这里所指的左和右是指图中人物的左和右
- So this is their left and right,
- 这个左右方向
- which is the opposite of us if we're looking at it.
- 跟我们现在的左右刚好是相反的
- As the heart is actually sitting between the two lungs
- 好，大家可以看到
- within this protective casing that the ribs are basically there to keep all these important organs safe.
- 心脏在两个肺之间被肋骨包围，肋骨就是保护重要脏器的
- And then below them, so if you draw this here.
- 然后在这些下边
- Or if I draw it, you can see now that below all this stuff is a really really important muscle.
- 这里还有一块组织，是一块非常重要的肌肉
- So this muscle people don't talk about this muscle,
- 不过一般很少提到这块肌肉
- or this is not the kind of muscle that you usually see people working out at the gym,
- 准确的说这跟大家在健身时练的肌肉不太一样
- but this muscle is called the diaphragm.
- 这个肌肉叫做横隔膜
- So your diaphragm muscle and your ribs are enclosing a space, right?
- 这块膈肌和肋骨一起包围出了一个空间，大家看到了吧？
- The diaphragm becomes the floor,
- 把膈肌看成下底面
- and the ribs are kind of the ceiling and the walls of this space.
- 肋骨是上底面和侧面
- And if you look at the contents of this space,
- 如果看这个空间内的内容
- you'd have your lung and you'd have your heart.
- 就是肺和心脏
- So, this entire space then is called your thorax.
- 这整个空间就是胸腔
- So what exactly does the heart do?
- 心脏的功能是什么呢？
- Let's actually make a little bit of space now, and bring up a zoomed in version of the heart.
- 好，我们留一些空来看放大之后的心脏
- Let me start by orienting you to the heart.
- 我先介绍一下心脏
- This is our right lung and on the other side we have our left lung.
- 这里是右肺的位置，这里是左肺
- And all this would be inside of the rib cage,
- 当然这些都是在肋骨之内的
- but I'm not going to draw that now,
- 现在就不画肋骨了
- because that would make it harder to see the heart itself.
- 不然心脏就不好介绍了
- So to think about exactly what the heart does,
- 好，要思考心脏的功能
- I think one, kind of neat way to do it is to actually imagine that you're a cell.
- 首先大家看，假设大家就是一个细胞
- So put yourself in the perspective of a cell,
- 把自己看成一个细胞的话
- and let's say that you're a cell hanging out over here.
- 假设这里是一个细胞
- This is you.
- 这就是大家化身的细胞
- And you can think about any part of the body that you could be.
- 当然，这个细胞属于任何部位都可以
- Let's say a little toe cell.
- 假设这是脚趾上的一个细胞
- So let's say you're a toe cell and your job is to, of course,
- 假设这个脚趾细胞要生存
- live and be happy,and you've got near by, a little blood vessel.
- 附近就要有一条小血管
- And in fact, every cell in our body has a little blood vessel that's near by.
- 实际上身体中每个细胞附近都有小血管
- And this toe cell is just trying to make a living.
- 如果这个脚趾细胞要生存的话
- And toe cells need certain things, right?
- 它是需要一些特定原料的吧？
- They need, for example, let's say oxygen.
- 比方说，氧气
- I'll write it in white so it's very clear.
- 我用白色写，更显眼一点
- They need oxygen and they need nutrients, right?
- 细胞需要氧气，还有养料
- So cells need certain things to live and be happy.
- 这样细胞才能生存下去
- And on the flip-side, they also make waste.
- 另一方面，细胞也产生废物
- They're in a sense just like us, they make waste.
- 这其实跟人类很像，有消耗，同时也产生废料
- And that waste could be all sorts of things,
- 废料也有很多
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