n. 银河,一群显赫之人
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- Here are some images of clusters of galaxies.
- 这是一些星团的照片。
- They're exactly what they sound like.
- 正如听上去一样。
- They are these huge collections of galaxies,
- 它们是一堆星系,
- bound together by their mutual gravity.
- 由于互相的引力而吸引在一起。
- So most of the points that you see on the screen are not individual stars,
- 你在屏幕上看到的大部分点,不是单独的恒星,
- but collections of stars, or galaxies.
- 而是一系列恒星,或者称为星系。
- Now, by showing you some of these images,
- 现在通过展示这些图片,
- I hope that you will quickly see that galaxy clusters are these beautiful objects,
- 希望你已经看到星团是很美丽的东西,
- but more than that,
- 都不止于此,
- I think galaxy clusters are mysterious,
- 我认为星团是神秘的,
- they are surprising,
- 它们让人惊奇,
- and they're useful.
- 而且它们很有用。
- Useful as the universe's most massive laboratories.
- 作为宇宙里最大的实验室,它们很有用。
- And as laboratories, to describe galaxy clusters is to describe the experiments that you can do with them.
- 就像描述实验室一样,要描述星团,就要去描述你能够通过它们做的实验。
- And I think there are four major types,
- 我认为那包括四种主要类型,
- and the first type that I want to describe is probing the very big.
- 我想描述的第一类是去探测“极大”。
- So, how big?
- 那么,是多大?
- Well, here is an image of a particular galaxy cluster.
- 这里是某个星团的一张照片。
- It is so massive that the light passing through it is being bent, it's being distorted by the extreme gravity of this cluster.
- 它的质量非常大,以至于光在经过的时候,由于其引力的作用而变弯了。
- And, in fact, if you look very carefully you'll be able to see rings around this cluster.
- 事实上,如果你仔细看,能够看到这个星团周围的光环。
- Now, to give you a number,
- 具体到数字,
- this particular galaxy cluster has a mass of over one million billion suns.
- 这个星团的质量有超过10的15次方个太阳那么大。
- It's just mind-boggling how massive these systems can get.
- 这些系统质量之巨大简直让人瞠目结舌。
- But more than their mass,
- 但除了巨大的质量之外,
- they have this additional feature.
- 他们还有其他特殊之处。
- They are essentially isolated systems,
- 它们基本上可以算是孤立的系统,
- so if we like, we can think of them as a scaled-down version of the entire universe.
- 如果愿意的话,我们可以将它们想象为整个宇宙的缩小版本。

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在这个有趣而激动人心的演讲中,亨利·林出人意料地介绍了天空中的一样东西——遥远的星团。通过研究宇宙的这些最大的部件,这位英特尔科学奖获得者说,我们可以了解关于我们这个世界和星系的许多神秘的科学。

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