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演讲简介：
艾丽丝·德雷格尔和她的同伴一起从事于边缘解剖学，例如连体儿和双性人。根据她的观察，在其他的结构特征中，男性和女性的分界线是很模糊的。为我们带来了一个问题：为什么要让我们的生理特征决定我们的命运。
n. 收容所，避难所，庇护，精神病院
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- And the question to me becomes:
- 对我来说，问题就变成了：
- What do we do,
- 我们要做什么
- as our science gets to be so good
- 当我们的科学在解剖学上
- in looking at anatomy,
- 如此先进的时候
- that we reach the point where we have to admit
- 我们已经到了不得不承认
- that a democracy that's been based on anatomy
- 基于解剖学上的人的民主
- might start falling apart?
- 也许正在崩溃的时候
- I don't want to give up the science,
- 我不想对科学失去希望
- but at the same time it kind of feels sometimes
- 但是同时，有的时候隐约觉得
- like the science is coming out from under us.
- 科学的发展是受到我们影响的
- So where do we go?
- 因此我们将走向何方？
- It seems like what happens in our culture
- 看起来我们的社会
- is a sort of pragmatic attitude:
- 有着一种实用主义的态度：
- "Well, we have to draw the line somewhere,
- “好，我必须在某处画一条界限，
- so we will draw the line somewhere."
- 那么我就在那画一条界限”
- But a lot of people get stuck in a very strange position.
- 但是很多人会因此陷在一个非常尴尬的位置
- So for example,
- 举个例子
- Texas has at one point decided
- 德克萨斯州有一个决定
- that what it means to marry a man
- 嫁给一个男人
- is to mean that you don't have a Y chromosome,
- 意味着你没有Y染色体
- and what it means to marry a woman means you do have a Y chromosome.
- 同时如果你娶一个女人意味着你有Y染色体
- Now in practice they don't actually test people for their chromosomes.
- 现实中，他们实际上不会去检测染色体
- But this is also very bizarre,
- 但是这也非常奇怪
- because of the story I told you at the beginning
- 因为我一开始告诉了大家那个关于
- about androgen insensitivity syndrome.
- 雄激素不敏感综合征的故事
- If we look at one of the founding fathers of modern democracy,
- 如有我们看一下现代民主制度的奠基人之一
- Dr. Martin Luther King,
- 马丁·路德·金，博士
- he offers us something of a solution in his "I have a dream" speech.
- 在他的“我有一个梦想”的演讲中，为我们提供了一个解决方法
- He says we should judge people "based not on the color of their skin,
- 他认为我们“不应该根据一个人的肤色
- but on the content of their character,"
- 而是应该根据他的品格”去评判一个人
- moving beyond anatomy.
- 摒弃人种差异
- And I want to say, "Yeah, that sounds like a really good idea."
- 我想说“是的，那听起来确实是个好方法”
- But in practice, how do you do it?
- 但实际操作中，你怎么去做？
- How do you judge people based on the content of character?
- 你如何根据他的品德去评判他？
- I also want to point out
- 我还想指出
- that I'm not sure that is how we should distribute rights in terms of humans,
- 我不太确定我们应该如何分配人类的权利
- because, I have to admit, that there are some golden retrievers I know
- 因为，我不得不承认，有些黄金猎犬
- that are probably more deserving of social services
- 比起我知道的一些人似乎更应该
- than some humans I know.
- 得到社会的帮助
- I also want to say there are probably also some yellow Labradors that I know
- 我还想说，我知道有些拉布拉多似乎
- that are more capable of informed, intelligent, mature decisions
- 比有些40岁左右的人在性关系问题上
- about sexual relations than some 40-year-olds that I know.
- 更慎重，更聪明，更能作出成熟的决定
- So how do we operationalize
- 因此我们如何去衡量
- the question of content of character?
- 品德的问题？
- It turns out to be really difficult.
- 结果证明是非常困难的
- And part of me also wonders,
- 我还想知道
- what if content of character
- 如果品德的好坏
- turns out to be something that's scannable in the future --
- 在未来可以被扫描出来——
- able to be seen with an fMRI?
- 也许可以用核磁共振成像看见？
- Do we really want to go there?
- 我们真的愿意走到那一步吗？
- I'm not sure where we go.
- 我不确定我们将走向何方
- What I do know is that it seems to be really important
- 我知道的是应该思考一下
- to think about the idea of the United States being in the lead
- 美国所引领的民主存在的问题
- of thinking about this issue of democracy.
- 看起来是非常重要的
- We've done a really good job struggling with democracy,
- 我们在争取民主的问题上已经做得非常好了
- and I think we would do a good job in the future.
- 我认为今后同样会做的更好
- We don't have a situation that Iran has, for example,
- 我们情况和伊朗不同，比如
- where a man who's sexually attracted to other men
- 一个男人在性方面对其他男人有吸引力
- is liable to be murdered,
- 那么他是可以被杀的
- unless he's willing to submit to a sex change,
- 除非他愿意改变自己的性取向
- in which case he's allowed to live.
- 那么他将可以活下来
- We don't have that kind of situation.
- 我们没有那样的情况
- I'm glad to say we don't have the kind of situation with --
- 我非常高兴的说我们没有那样的情况--
- a surgeon I talked to a few years ago
- 对一位外科医生说，那是在数年之前
- who had brought over a set of conjoined twins
- 他带来一个连体婴儿
- in order to separate them, partly to make a name for himself.
- 希望可以帮助他们分离，某种程度上也想让自己出名
- But when I was on the phone with him,
- 但是当我跟他通电话时
- asking why he was going to do this surgery --
- 问他为什么希望做这个手术——
- this was a very high-risk surgery --
- 因为这是个危险性很高的手术——
- his answer was that, in this other nation,
- 他答道，在这个国家
- these children were going to be treated very badly, and so he had to do this.
- 这样的孩子将会被残忍的对待，因此他必须要帮助他们这么做
- My response to him was, "Well, have you considered political asylum
- 我对他的回答是，“恩，你为他们考虑过政治避难
- instead of a separation surgery?"
- 而不是进行手术吗？”
- The United States has offered tremendous possibility
- 美国为像这样的孩子保持他们自己的特征
- for allowing people to be the way they are,
- 提供了很大的可能
- without having them have to be changed for the sake of the state.
- 他们从不用为了国家改变自己的身体
- So I think we have to be in the lead.
- 因此我认为我们应该要引领这种思想
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