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在被认为15世纪达芬奇的作品之前，《美丽公主》一直以《穿文艺复兴时装的19世纪德国少女的肖像》为题出售。牛津大学艺术史教授马丁·坎普是达芬奇研究专家，也是最早宣称该画作的高贵出身的专业人士之一。据他推测，画中的模特是米兰公爵鲁多维科斯佛尔扎的私生女，于是他重新命名这幅作品为《La Bella Principessa》，即《美丽公主》。
adj. 绘画的 n. 画报
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- Leonardo got this idea
- 达芬奇想到了这个主意
- and obviously talked to Jean Pareal the French artist
- 很明显他跟那个法国画家Jean Pareal谈过
- about how you might do this.
- 应该怎么画
- But characteristically he takes it way
- 但以他的性格,他对这种方法的运用
- beyond what the French were doing.
- 会比那个法国画家青出于蓝
- The French Specialised in these rather gently coloured,
- 那个法国画家擅长于那些比较温和的上色方法
- a bit of colour in the lips
- 嘴唇上一点颜色
- and maybe in the flesh and a bit of costume.
- 皮肤和服装也许会上一点色
- What Leonardo has done is in a sense a painting in pastels
- 某种程度来说,达芬奇的方法算是干粉上色了
- and then reinforced it in a way that the French didn't do
- 然后用那个法国画家不会用的方法来加强这些颜色
- with ink washes with extra ink work and so on.
- 他用了水墨和额外的油墨等等
- So it's a fully pictorial rendering.
- 这幅画是从头到尾什么步骤都做足了
- So characteristically,Leonardo never does anything by halves
- 以他的性格,达芬奇从来不会半途而废
- when he goes into something he takes it as far as he can.
- 当他决定做某件事,他就会尽量做到最好
- And one of the things he did very brilliantly
- 有一点他是做得非常聪明的
- is to use the natural base colour of the vellum to shine through.
- 就是利用皮纸的自然底色营造了一种光彩
- So you can get as it were a shine coming through the hair
- 你可以看到头发,眼睛,虹膜
- or the eye and the iris of the eye which is just wonderful.
- 散发出一种光彩,非常漂亮
- It glows.
- 它会发光
- Now that's not because of pigments
- 这不是因为颜料
- it's because he's allowed the base colour to come through.
- 而因为皮纸的底色透出来了
- He does that with gesso white plaster priming on a panel.
- 他在画板上先画上石膏白
- He'll glaze over that rather than mask the white
- 然他在上面上一层釉,而不是盖住那白色
- so you put on a translucent pigment
- 这样你就能上一层半透明的颜料
- so all the light comes through off the background.
- 所以背景的光就能透过来
- So it'd very characteristic.
- 所以这是非常有个人特色的
- It's a very brilliant use and nobody had really done that before
- 这种方法非常聪明,前无古人
- and really nobody is capable of doing it afterwards.
- 后无来者
- Interviewer: Can I ask you about the function of the portrait
- 我能问一下这幅画的功能
- which obviously isn't a portrait in the sense of the Mona Lisa,
- 很明显它不是一幅像蒙娜丽莎那样的画
- but with this book of poems
- 而是放在一本诗册里
- when it would have been looked at by who?
- 这本诗册是什么时候给谁看的?
- Well we have one very nice record of one
- 我们有一个完整的记载说
- of the great festayre with a great stage performance by Leonardo
- 在一场盛大的宴会上,达芬奇策划了一场隆重的舞台表演
- and one of the Tuscan poets that Apollo descended from the stage
- 然后其中一个托斯卡纳诗人Apollo从舞台上走下来
- and presented the princess in question
- 献给这位公主
- with a little bound book of poems beautifully inscribed.
- 一本装订精美,字体优雅的诗册
- These are luxury objects,very expensive.
- 这些诗册是很奢侈的东西,非常昂贵
- They are absolutely luxury objects.
- 绝对是奢侈品
- Now that one doesn't survive,and the one which Leonardo was in
- 但那一本没有留传出来,而另一本写了达芬奇的
- if it was in a bound codex of sword.
- 是一本关于剑的精装古抄本
- And we can actually see where it was cut out incidentally.
- 顺便提一句,我们能看到它是从哪里被割下来的
- We can see the knife marks down the side
- 我们可以看到边缘有刀的痕迹
- which slip off at one point
- 因为刀划偏了
- so it's clearly been cut out of a bound volume.
- 所以很明显这幅画是从一本合订本上割下来的
- We've got two surviving volumes of poetry,
- 我们现在有两本留传下来的诗册
- one is bound in copper a very fancy thing.
- 其中一本是用铜装订的,非常精美
- Another one is bound in velvet and is on purple vellum.
- 另一本是用天鹅绒装订的,里面用的是紫色皮纸
- So these are really luxury products.
- 所以这些东西非常奢侈
- Could be a bit kitsch I suspect in their extreme form.
- 我想极端一点来说,就是一种庸俗艺术
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