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本节目将带领大家探索谜样的太阳，深入了解太阳对我们过去、现在、未来生活的重要性。也探讨了太阳如何影响地球的重大科学发现，它每秒钟所释放的能量足够人类使用百万年。它仍是我们未来唯一的希望。
n. [天]超新星
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- The composition of the sun lies in this bar code.
- 这个条码说明了太阳的组成
- All the thin lines are caused by tiny amounts of complex elements
- 这些细细的线条，都是微量复杂元素造成的
- metals like iron and magnesium.
- 好比说像铁或镁等金属
- But there are 3 very deep,broad lines,
- 但是这里有三条很暗、很粗的线条
- and they are all caused by
- 它们都是
- an enormous amount of a single element.
- 由大量单一元素形成的
- There's some helium and traces of heavier elements.
- 太阳中含有氦和少量较重的元素
- But over 90% of the sun is Hydrogen.
- 但有90%是氢
- It is the simplest and most common element in the universe.
- 氢是宇宙中最简单也最常见的元素
- The secrets of the sun's power must lie in this gas.
- 太阳能量的秘密，想必和这种气体有关
- Look carefully into the night sky
- 仔细观察夜空
- and you'll see huge clouds of
- 你会发现大片由氢组成的云
- hydrogen floating in interstellar space.
- 在星际间飘移
- These are nebulae.
- 这些是星云
- And they can be hundreds of light years across.
- 它们直径可能高达数百光年
- They are some of the brightest areas in the sky
- 星云被新近形成的巨大恒星强光照亮
- lit up by the intense light of newly formed massive stars.
- 是空中最明亮的区域
- In them we can see stars being born.
- 我们可以在星云中看到诞生中的恒星
- It is to areas like this that astronomers turn
- 天文学家用望远镜观察这些区域
- their telescopes when they want to study how our sun was formed.
- 以研究太阳的形成过程
- There she is,
- 在那里
- okay,so now let's recentre on her.
- 把焦距移到这里
- By studying different nebulae it's possible to
- 科学家藉由研究不同的星云
- piece together the stages in which stars are made.
- 拼凑出恒星的形成阶段
- And it all starts in a cold dark cloud,
- 这一切的起点，是一片冰冷、黝黑的云
- floating around waiting for something to happen.
- 飘浮在虚无中等待大事发生
- Cold clouds like this are actually quite stable.
- 像这样的冰冷云朵其实很稳定
- They will sit there for a very very long time,
- 有时它们会静止很长很长时间
- for thousands and in some cases millions of years
- 几千，甚至几百万年
- before they'll actually do anything.
- 才会发生变化
- What you need to do to get the star formation process going
- 它们要受到刺激
- is you need to kick it with something.
- 才会展开恒星形成的过程
- That can be the impact on the cloud
- 刺激可能来自
- from one side by a supernova blast wave;
- 超新星的爆炸波
- a massive star nearby has gone boom at the end of its life
- 邻近的巨大恒星在生命尽头爆炸
- and that sends out in all directions very energetic
- 并朝四面八方发出能量十足的压缩波
- compression waves that hit the gas and compress it.
- 压缩波撞击气体并将之压缩
- The shock waves knock the cloud out of balance.
- 云朵因震波而失去平衡
- Causing localised clumps of hydrogen to form.
- 并导致某些区域出现氢气团块
- These are the seeds from which stars grow.
- 这就是萌生恒星的种子
- The increased gravity of the seeds sucks in more
- 种子与日俱增的引力吸引越来越多氢气
- and more hydrogen in a runaway process
- 这样的出走过程
- that lasts for a million years.
- 会持续一百万年
- As more hydrogen is squeezed into the clumps the temperature rises.
- 团块聚集的氢气越多，温度就越高
- They are not yet producing light
- 它们还不会发光
- but they are well on the way to becoming stars.
- 但已踏上成为恒星的道路
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