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视频简介：
本课程的目标是，向公众提供最新的有关营养方面的信息和话题，内容涵盖饮食因素对于癌症的影响作用，健康的饮食习惯，学校能提供的营养有哪些，咖啡因与癌症的联系，水果蔬菜与癌症预防等。通过本课程的学习，人们可以学习到健康的生活饮食习惯，在每天的饮食中防癌症于未然。
v. 消耗，花费，挥霍
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- This is an example of a standardized growth chart.
- 这是一个标准化成长图表。
- This is an example of a standard, normal distribution graph.
- 这则是一副标准的正常分布图。
- If a child were malnourished the child's weight would fall 2 standard deviations below the mean,
- 如果一个孩子营养不良，他的体重会低于平均水平两个标准差
- where the circle is drawn on this graph.
- 就是图表中画圈的部分。
- All children are at a time of rapid growth and development
- 所有的孩子在某个时刻快速增长发展 ，
- and because of this it is important that they receive enough calories and nutrients.
- 这是因为他们吸收了足够多的卡路里和营养物质。
- For normal children not battling illness or disease,
- 身体健康的正常孩子，
- 4 to 8 year olds need approximately 1600 calories,
- 在4到8岁之间需要大约1600卡路里，
- 15 grams of protein which is equal to about 2 eggs,
- 15克蛋白质大约是两个鸡蛋的量，
- and 8mg of calcium which is equivalent to 31 cup servings of low fat milk.
- 8毫克钙大约是31杯份低脂牛奶。
- As children age their calorie, protein and calcium needs increase until they reach adulthood.
- 随着孩子长大，他们的卡路里蛋白质以及该需求量都会增加直到他们变成成年人。
- Children undergoing treatment for cancer are also experiencing rapid growth and development
- 接受癌症治疗的孩子也会经历快速增长阶段，
- but they have an even higher need for nutrients
- 但是他们对于营养物质的需求量更高，
- because of an increased metabolic rate from fighting the disease.
- 因为他们为了战胜疾病需要提高代谢速率。
- Both protein and energy needs are increased even more to prevent wasting or the loss of muscle.
- 为了阻止肌肉的消耗和流失更需要提高白质和能量需求量，
- Protein needs actually increase the most with recommendations
- 建议蛋白质的需求量增加得最大，
- that children receive up to 2 grams per kilogram of body weight each day.
- 每天孩子每千克体重应该吸收2克蛋白质。
- Increased calcium and vitamin D needs are also critical due to bone growth during childhood.
- 增加钙和维生素D的需求也很重要，因为孩子的骨骼正在增长
- Children should consume more than 1000mgs of calcium which is equal to about 4 1 cup servings of low fat milk
- 孩子每天应该吸收超过1000毫克钙大约相当于41杯份的低脂牛奶
- and more than10mgs of vitamin D which is equal to about 10 to 15 minutes of sunlight each day;
- 超过10毫克的钙 大约相当于10到15分钟的日照
- this will ensure their bones will continue to grow during disease treatment.
- 这将会保证他们的骨骼在疾病治疗期间继续增长
- Calcium is needed to help the bones grow and remain strong
- 钙可以帮助骨骼增长保持强壮，
- and vitamin D is required to ensure that calcium is absorbed.
- 维生素D可以保证钙的吸收。
- So what causes malnutrition during cancer?
- 那么在癌症治疗期间什么引起营养不良呢？
- Malnutrition arises in children for one overall common reason, an inability to consume or digest food and nutrients.
- 总的来说，引起孩子营养不良的一个最常见的原因，是没有能力消化吸收食物和营养，
- This inability to consume or digest foods has many underlying causes
- 这种没有消化吸收的能力有许多潜在的原因 。
- but we will discuss 2 of the main ones today;
- 但是我们今天将会讨论2个最主要的原因；
- the side effects of chemotherapy and other aggressive treatments as well as the increased metabolic demands from the cancer itself.
- 化学疗法的副作用和其他积极的疗法以及对于癌症本身新陈代谢需求的增加。
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| 重点单词 | 查看全部解释 | |||
| consume | [kən'sju:m] | 联想记忆 | ||
| calorie | ['kæləri] | |||
| graph | [grɑ:f] | |||
| circle | ['sə:kl] | |||
| calcium | ['kælsiəm] | 联想记忆 | ||
| malnutrition | [.mælnju:'triʃən] | 联想记忆 | ||
| approximately | [ə'prɔksimitli] | |||
| equivalent | [i'kwivələnt] | 联想记忆 | ||
| minutes | ['minits] | |||
| inability | [.inə'biliti] |
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