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历届美国总统介绍(MP3+字幕):第19任总统 陆斯佛得·比察·海斯

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  • Rutherford Birchard Hayes was born in Ohio in 1822.
  • 1822年,陆斯佛得.比察.海斯出生于俄亥俄州。
  • He was the 19th President of the United States.
  • 他是美国第19任总统。
  • He studied at Harvard Law School and then worked as a lawyer for five years.
  • 他曾就读于哈佛法学院,之后做了五年的律师。
  • In 1850, he moved to Cincinnati, where he flourished as a young Whig lawyer.
  • 1850年,他搬到了辛辛那提,在那里他成长成为了一名年轻的辉格党律师。
  • He gained a healthy political reputation for defending fugitive slaves and was nominated for several senior legal positions.
  • 因反对奴隶制度而赢得了良好的政治声誉,这让他提名了许多法律要员。
  • He fought in the Civil War, was wounded in action five times.
  • 他参加了内战,并受伤了5次。
  • He earned a reputation for bravery and rose to the rank of major general.
  • 他赢得了英勇的称号,并晋升为了少将。
  • While still in the Army, Cincinnati Republicans ran him for the House of Representatives.
  • 在军队期间,辛辛那提的共和党人让他竞选众议院议员。
  • He accepted the nomination and was elected by a heavy majority.
  • 他接受了提名,并以绝对优势选举。
  • Hayes entered Congress in December 1865.
  • 1865年,海斯进入了国会。
  • Between 1867 and 1876 he served three terms as Governor of Ohio.
  • 1867-1876年之间,他担任了三届俄亥俄州州长。
  • In 1876, Hayes ran against Samuel J. Tilden in the closest election race in U.S. history.
  • 1876年,海斯与塞缪尔·蒂尔登进行了一场美国历史上实力最为接近的选举。
  • Disputes over the vote counting meant that if all the disputed votes went to Hayes, he would win; a single one would elect Tilden.
  • 这场唱票之争意味着如果所有的争议投票归海斯所有,那么他将获胜;有一票是投给蒂尔登的。
  • Hayes was elected days before inauguration day after a compromise with the Democrats that he would remove all federal troops from the South.
  • 选举之后的几天之后,海斯进行了就职演说,在这之前他向民主党进行了妥协,移除了在南方的所有联邦军队。
  • The final electoral vote was 185 to 184.
  • 最终的投票结果是185比184。
  • Hayes pledged protection of the rights of black slaves in the South.
  • 海斯承诺保护南方黑人奴隶的权利。
  • He hoped the withdrawal of troops there would lead to reconciliation.
  • 他希望退军能够促成和解。
  • Many Southern leaders approved of Hayes'economic policies and financial conservatism.
  • 许多南方的领导人赞成海斯的经济政策和财政保护主义。
  • He reformed the civil service and saw the beginning of an era of greater prosperity.
  • 他重新改革了公务员制度,美国开启了繁荣的新时代。
  • He left office in 1881 and died of a heart attack at his home in January 1893, aged 70.
  • 1881年。海斯离任,1893年,在家中死于心脏病,享年70岁。


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1.fugitive slave奴隶

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In March 1862 Congress enacted a new article of war forbidding army officers to return fugitive slaves to their masters.
1862年3月,国会颁行了一项新的战争条款,禁止军官将逃亡的奴隶归还其主To*|bpk%RgVQNLPCG2*

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2.vote counting 选票

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Three-quarters of the day is spent doing practical exercises on preparation, monitoring the voting booths and vote counting.
每天有175名志愿者来到培训中心 每天有四分之三的时间是花在做一些准备的实战练习,监视投票和票数^fSt(po+(2%HpSEB;。 他们必须签订申明来证明他们与任何党派均无关系mP=,lIJ]26_)@Y6B8+

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3.financial conservatism 金融保护主义

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Madoffs method enabled him to swindle rich people who prided themselves on their financial conservatism and sophistication, enabling him to appeal to avarice of a quiet, upper-crust sort.
麦道夫的手段使他有能力哄骗富人们;他们对自己金融保守主义的立场和身经百战的经验而颇为自傲,也正是这些才使得麦道夫对上层社会的贪得无厌产生了兴趣v&PxRdWpRenwA_ryd[

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4.election race 竞选

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The election race is absent as such and the votersrole boils down to coming to the polling stations and to casting their ballots in favor of the candidates.
这样的选举是缺乏竞争的,投票人只是简单地进入投票站,然后将选票投入自己所支持的那个候选人(的投票箱)6]4;!^V&n@~4eMTLk&oJ

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5.civil war 美国内战

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This week in our series, we tell about some of the other early battles of the Civil War.
本周,我们继续向你讲述美国内战初期的其他一些重大战役C&[+Zir+9p,1t=!

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重点单词   查看全部解释    
voting ['vəutiŋ]

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n. 投票 动词vote的现在分词形式

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inauguration [in.ɔ:gju'reiʃən]

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n. 就职典礼,落成典礼,开幕仪式

 
protection [prə'tekʃən]

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n. 保护,防卫

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conservatism [kən'sə:vətizəm]

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n. 保守主义,守旧性

 
legal ['li:gəl]

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adj. 法律的,合法的,法定的

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prosperity [prɔs'periti]

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n. 繁荣,兴旺

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senior ['si:njə]

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adj. 年长的,高级的,资深的,地位较高的

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appeal [ə'pi:l]

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n. 恳求,上诉,吸引力
n. 诉诸裁决

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sophistication [sə.fistikeiʃən]

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n. 老练,精明,复杂,精密,有教养,诡辩,强词夺理

 
election [i'lekʃən]

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n. 选举

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