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- Japanese pirates were a constant problem not only for Chinese and Korean traders, but for the Japanese as well.
- 然而日本海盗猖獗,中国、朝鲜乃至日本的商人不胜其扰。
- At that time, Japan was also ravaged by civil wars.
- 同时日本国内混战
- Subsequently, the Ming Dynasty which ruled from 1358 to 1644
- 为此明朝政府在1385年-1644年
- decreed that Ningbo was the only port where Japanese-Chinese trading could took place.
- 下令规定宁波为中日贸易唯一港口
- Toyotomi Hideyoshi was one of the great unifiers of Japan.
- 丰臣秀吉是日本统一的三位英杰之一
- He wanted to conquer China, when Korea, at that time, a vassal state of China
- 他觊觎中国,那时朝鲜是明朝政府的藩国
- refused to permit Japan passage through that territory,
- 朝鲜拒绝日本从其领土进入中国
- Toyotomi Hideyoshi invaded Korea and eventually Manchuria in 1592.
- 丰臣秀吉侵略朝鲜 并最终于1592年进入满洲
- But the Japanese were unable to keep their supply lines open because Korean guerrilla forces continued disrupting them
- 但由于朝鲜民兵不断挫败他们,日本没法保持供给线畅通
- Subsequently, the Japanese were forced to accept the truth in 1593.
- 不得已日本于1593年接受事实
- It lasted about 4 years after which the Yoshi once again attacked.
- 四年后好景不长,丰臣秀吉再次发起侵略。
- This time the Chinese and Koreans were well-prepared and again defeated Japan.
- 此时中朝早已整装待发再一次击退日本
- The frustrated Japanese troops retreated from the Korean peninsula obliterating cities and slaughtering civilians as they went.
- 气馁的日本军队从朝鲜半岛撤退,所到之处毁尸灭迹屠杀百姓。
- In 1633,in order to once-for-all ward off foreign influences in Japan,
- 1633年日本采取闭关锁国政策
- the Tokugawa Shogunate decided to abolish all international trade and have no more direct links with the outside world.
- 德川幕府废弃国际贸易 杜绝一切国外往来日本与外界毫无联系。
- In China, defending Hideyoshi second invasion had drained the treasury of the Ming Dynasty
- 而在中国丰臣秀吉的第二次侵略也已让明政府国库亏空
- and left the vulnerable against the Manchus
- 徒剩残兵游勇对抗满族人
- who eventually ended the Ming Dynasty and established the Qing Dynasty in 1644.
- 最终满族人推翻明政府于1644年建立了清政府
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eventually
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[i'ventjuəli]
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invasion
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[in'veiʒən]
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联想记忆
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单词invasion 联想记忆: invade(v (以武力)侵犯;(有害的东西大批)侵入)in进入,vade走一走进来-侵略
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vulnerable
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['vʌlnərəbl]
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单词vulnerable 联想记忆: vulner=wound(n 创伤),able-易受伤的
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permit
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['pə:mit,pə'mit]
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联想记忆
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单词permit 联想记忆: per始终+mit=send送,放出→始终放出来→许可,允许
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treasury
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['treʒəri]
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supply
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[sə'plai]
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联想记忆
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单词supply 联想记忆: sup在下面+ply重叠,折叠→重叠下去→供应[下去],补给
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territory
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['teritəri]
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联想记忆
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单词territory 联想记忆: terr土地+itory表示场所、范围→地的范围→领土,领域
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conquer
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[.kɔŋkə]
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联想记忆
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单词conquer 联想记忆: con一起,quer获得,寻觅-什么都获得了-征服
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ward
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[wɔ:d]
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peninsula
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[pi'ninsjulə]
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联想记忆
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单词peninsula 联想记忆: pen笔,insula岛:像铅笔一样的岛-半岛
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