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SAT填空题解答方法之前后缀

来源:天道留学 编辑:echo   可可英语APP下载 |  可可官方微信:ikekenet

  解答SAT填空题的方法很多,但是归结起来只有两类,就是词汇和逻辑关系两个角度。下面小编就为大家整理了从词汇方面中的前后缀解答SAT填空题的方法,希望能对大家的做题有所帮助和借鉴。

  看看下面这道题

  The _________ swim instructor kept repeating the same lesson.

  A) dilatory

  B) pernicious

  C) superficial

  D) irksome

  E) boorish

  请问童鞋们知道这道题的5个选项中的几个单词?是滴,就算对美国人,这也是一道在词汇上比较难的题。值得注意的是,这道题选项中的单词都是一些basic words加上前缀或者后缀变成的新的单词。所以如果我们能够掌握一些常见的前缀或者后缀的话,我们做题的时候就可以根据联系推测出一些词语的意思了。

  "...ish"作为后缀通常是"...like"(像...)的意思。例如E选项中的boorish意思是"Boor-like",Boor是农民,粗鲁的人,那么boorish自然就是鲁莽顽固的意思了。

  类似的,"super-"作为前缀通常是"very..."(很...);"ficial"作为前缀通常指的东西事物的表面,所以这道题中C选项是明显错误的答案。

  再来看看选项D的irksome, 是由前缀"irk-"(去激怒,去扰动/to bother)和后缀"-some"(有...的倾向/tending to)组成的,所以意思基本上等于"bothersome."

  由于游泳教练总是不停地重复同样的课,你可以称他"bothersome"(好烦啊,罗嗦),所以irksome作为近义词是这道题正确的选项。

  常见的前缀后缀:

  SAT中常见的前缀

  pre - before (hence pre-fix is a word that comes before)

  super - very or over (super-impose means to impose over)

  dis - not (dismembered means not membered or not together)

  uni - one (unicameral means one house)

  a - not (atypical means not typical)

  ex - out (exhale means breathe out)

  in - in (inhale means breathe in)

  neo - new (neoconservative means new conservative)

  post - after (postmodernism means after modernism)

  circum - around (circumvent the world means travel around the world)

  + ben - good (benevolent, beneficial, benefactor, etc. all carry positive charge)

  - mal - bad (malevolent, malnutrition, malice)

  re - again (to review is to view again)

  gen - birth (genealogy is study of family history)

  chron - time (chronology is study of time sequence)

  poly - many (polyunsaturated means many not saturated)

  intra - within (intraspecies means within one species)

  inter - between (interspecies means between different species)

  ante - before (antebellum means before a war)

  - hypo - too little (hypothermia means too low of body temperature)

  - hyper - too much (hyperactive means too active)

  SAT中常见的后缀

  - ble: able or capable (doable, corruptible, edible)

  - ous: full of (porous means full of pores, or in other words, easily transpired through)

  - ant: full of (elegant means full of elegance)

  - ose: full of (grandiose means full of grandeur, grand-ness)

  - fy: to make like the prefix (magnify means make larger, terrify means to make scared)

  - ate: to make like the prefix (procrastinate means to make a longer time)

  - ile: tending to (puerile means tending to childish-ness)

  - ism: belief (racism, sexism, nationalism, etc.)

  - tude: condition of (magnitude means the quantity of magnification)

  在掌握了单词中常见的前缀和后缀以后,我们就可以在SAT的阅读部分做得much better!! 来试试下面这道题吧~

  His ___________ skill at playing football was why we put up with his ___________ attitude.

  A. worthy ... positive

  B. lacking ... conceited

  C. considerable ... malicious

  D. dominating ... benign

  E. docile ... contemptuous

  首先,我们考虑一下这个句子的语气。从"put up with"(忍受,容忍)可以看出来他的attitude是不好的,因为人们不需要去"put up with"一个好的态度。

  其次,his ( ) skill was WHY they put up with his bad attitude. 所以他的skill 一定是好的,要不是人们也没有必要put up with his bad attitude. 因此,不难得知,第一个空格需要的是一个positive word,而第二个空格需要的是一个negative word.

  在确定了单词的正负极以后,我们可以排除A和B选项,因为A选项中两个单词都是positive的,而B选项中两个单词都是negative的。

  C)现在我们再来看看该怎么结合前缀来选择单词。mal-作为前缀意思是bad. malicious因此是bad-natured的意思。所以选项C中的第一个单词是positive的,第二个单词是negative的,可以作为后备正确选项。

  D) dominating 在这句话中是有一个positive的意思的,指有lots of skilli,但是第二个单词"benign" 有前缀ben-, 有好的意思,因此不符合第二个单词需要时negative word的条加盟,所以D选项可以被排除。

  E)docile在这里的意思是tending to sleep or dormant (有睡觉的趋势),所以不是我们需要的 positive first word.

  最后的最后,正确的选项浮出水面应该是C.

  从上面的两道SAT填空题分析内容来看,掌握前后缀的详细含义是大家使用这个方法的关键与核心。大家在解答相关类型的SAT填空题的时候,可以提前记忆一些常见的前后缀,然后应用到题目的解答过程中去。

重点单词   查看全部解释    
elegance ['eligəns]

想一想再看

n. 高雅,典雅,优雅,简洁 n. 雅致的物品

 
superficial [.su:pə'fiʃəl]

想一想再看

adj. 表面的,肤浅的

联想记忆
conservative [kən'sə:vətiv]

想一想再看

adj. 保守的,守旧的
n. 保守派(党),

联想记忆
dilatory ['dilə.tɔ:ri]

想一想再看

adj. 缓慢的,拖拉的,拖延的

联想记忆
malevolent [mə'levələnt]

想一想再看

adj. 有恶意的,恶毒的

联想记忆
benefactor ['beni.fæktə]

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n. 恩人,捐助者,赠送者

联想记忆
contemptuous [kən'temptjuəs]

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adj. 轻视的

 
pernicious [pə'niʃəs]

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adj. 有害的,恶性的 邪恶的

联想记忆
exhale [eks'heil]

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v. 呼气,发出,散发

联想记忆
dormant ['dɔ:mənt]

想一想再看

adj. 睡眠状态的,静止的 [计算机] 静止的

联想记忆

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