解答SAT填空题的方法很多,但是归结起来只有两类,就是词汇和逻辑关系两个角度。下面小编就为大家整理了从词汇方面中的前后缀解答SAT填空题的方法,希望能对大家的做题有所帮助和借鉴。
看看下面这道题
The _________ swim instructor kept repeating the same lesson.
A) dilatory
B) pernicious
C) superficial
D) irksome
E) boorish
请问童鞋们知道这道题的5个选项中的几个单词?是滴,就算对美国人,这也是一道在词汇上比较难的题。值得注意的是,这道题选项中的单词都是一些basic words加上前缀或者后缀变成的新的单词。所以如果我们能够掌握一些常见的前缀或者后缀的话,我们做题的时候就可以根据联系推测出一些词语的意思了。
"...ish"作为后缀通常是"...like"(像...)的意思。例如E选项中的boorish意思是"Boor-like",Boor是农民,粗鲁的人,那么boorish自然就是鲁莽顽固的意思了。
类似的,"super-"作为前缀通常是"very..."(很...);"ficial"作为前缀通常指的东西事物的表面,所以这道题中C选项是明显错误的答案。
再来看看选项D的irksome, 是由前缀"irk-"(去激怒,去扰动/to bother)和后缀"-some"(有...的倾向/tending to)组成的,所以意思基本上等于"bothersome."
由于游泳教练总是不停地重复同样的课,你可以称他"bothersome"(好烦啊,罗嗦),所以irksome作为近义词是这道题正确的选项。
常见的前缀后缀:
SAT中常见的前缀
pre - before (hence pre-fix is a word that comes before)
super - very or over (super-impose means to impose over)
dis - not (dismembered means not membered or not together)
uni - one (unicameral means one house)
a - not (atypical means not typical)
ex - out (exhale means breathe out)
in - in (inhale means breathe in)
neo - new (neoconservative means new conservative)
post - after (postmodernism means after modernism)
circum - around (circumvent the world means travel around the world)
+ ben - good (benevolent, beneficial, benefactor, etc. all carry positive charge)
- mal - bad (malevolent, malnutrition, malice)
re - again (to review is to view again)
gen - birth (genealogy is study of family history)
chron - time (chronology is study of time sequence)
poly - many (polyunsaturated means many not saturated)
intra - within (intraspecies means within one species)
inter - between (interspecies means between different species)
ante - before (antebellum means before a war)
- hypo - too little (hypothermia means too low of body temperature)
- hyper - too much (hyperactive means too active)
SAT中常见的后缀
- ble: able or capable (doable, corruptible, edible)
- ous: full of (porous means full of pores, or in other words, easily transpired through)
- ant: full of (elegant means full of elegance)
- ose: full of (grandiose means full of grandeur, grand-ness)
- fy: to make like the prefix (magnify means make larger, terrify means to make scared)
- ate: to make like the prefix (procrastinate means to make a longer time)
- ile: tending to (puerile means tending to childish-ness)
- ism: belief (racism, sexism, nationalism, etc.)
- tude: condition of (magnitude means the quantity of magnification)
在掌握了单词中常见的前缀和后缀以后,我们就可以在SAT的阅读部分做得much better!! 来试试下面这道题吧~
His ___________ skill at playing football was why we put up with his ___________ attitude.
A. worthy ... positive
B. lacking ... conceited
C. considerable ... malicious
D. dominating ... benign
E. docile ... contemptuous
首先,我们考虑一下这个句子的语气。从"put up with"(忍受,容忍)可以看出来他的attitude是不好的,因为人们不需要去"put up with"一个好的态度。
其次,his ( ) skill was WHY they put up with his bad attitude. 所以他的skill 一定是好的,要不是人们也没有必要put up with his bad attitude. 因此,不难得知,第一个空格需要的是一个positive word,而第二个空格需要的是一个negative word.
在确定了单词的正负极以后,我们可以排除A和B选项,因为A选项中两个单词都是positive的,而B选项中两个单词都是negative的。
C)现在我们再来看看该怎么结合前缀来选择单词。mal-作为前缀意思是bad. malicious因此是bad-natured的意思。所以选项C中的第一个单词是positive的,第二个单词是negative的,可以作为后备正确选项。
D) dominating 在这句话中是有一个positive的意思的,指有lots of skilli,但是第二个单词"benign" 有前缀ben-, 有好的意思,因此不符合第二个单词需要时negative word的条加盟,所以D选项可以被排除。
E)docile在这里的意思是tending to sleep or dormant (有睡觉的趋势),所以不是我们需要的 positive first word.
最后的最后,正确的选项浮出水面应该是C.
从上面的两道SAT填空题分析内容来看,掌握前后缀的详细含义是大家使用这个方法的关键与核心。大家在解答相关类型的SAT填空题的时候,可以提前记忆一些常见的前后缀,然后应用到题目的解答过程中去。