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Whether you're writing to friends, colleagues or to a potential business partner, your main goal is to get your message across, in other words, to ensure the recipient understands you.
无论你是给朋友、同事还是潜在的商业伙伴写信，你的主要目标都是让你的信息传达出去，换句话说，确保收件人理解你。
If you use improper or incorrect language and continuously make mistakes in your e-mail, not only might you fail to make yourself understood, you might also fail to make a good impression on the reader. To avoid this, you can run your e-mail through a grammar and spell checker, however, this in itself won't guarantee that you're using the right words and expressions.
如果你使用不恰当或不正确的语言，并在电子邮件中不断地犯错误，不仅可能使你自己无法被理解，还可能给读者留下不好的印象。为了避免这种情况，您可以通过语法和拼写检查器运行电子邮件，但是，这本身并不能保证您使用了正确的单词和表达式。
Use: Grammarly grammar and spell checker
用法：语法和拼写检查器
In this article, you'll find examples of language that are commonly used in different types of emails, and hopefully, you'll find the most appropriate one for your message. The examples are labelled 'formal' and 'informal'- please note that most informal expressions are perfectly suitable to use in 'semi-formal' situations, such as between business associates who have worked together for some time and have established a good relationship.
在本文中，您将找到在不同类型的电子邮件中常用的语言示例，希望您能找到最适合您的邮件的语言。这些例子被称为“正式的”和“非正式的”——请注意，大多数非正式的表达方式非常适合在“半正式的”情况下使用，例如在一起工作了一段时间并建立了良好关系的商业伙伴之间。
hi, greetings, welcome
嗨，你好，欢迎
GREETINGS
问候
Formal
正式的
Dear Sir/ Madam,
尊敬的先生/女士，
To whom it may concern: (especially AmE)
致相关人员：（尤其是AmE）
Dear Mr/ Ms Jones,
尊敬的琼斯先生/女士：，
Dear Dr Smith, (note: First names are NOT used. Using Miss or Mrs to address a woman is not appropriate, as you don't know whether she's married or not)
亲爱的史密斯博士，（注：不使用名字）。用小姐或太太称呼一个女人是不合适的，因为你不知道她是否结婚了）
Informal
非正式
Hi Dennis, /Hello Claire,/ Dear Mum,(note: salutations are followed by a (,) comma, exception: 'To whom it may concern:')
你好，丹尼斯，/你好，克莱尔，/亲爱的妈妈，（注意：敬礼后接一个（，）逗号，例外情况：'可能与谁有关：'）
idea, concept, reason, opinion, thought
主意、概念、理由、观点、思想
REASON FOR WRITING / REPLYING
写作/回复理由
Formal
正式的
I am writing to make a reservation/ to apply for the position of.../ to confirm my booking/ to ask for further information about .../I am writing with regard to the sale of .../ to the complaint you made on 29th February/Thank you for your e-mail of 29th February regarding the sale of... / concerning the conference in Brussels./With reference to our telephone conversation on Friday, I would like to let you know that...
我写这封信是为了预订/申请……/确认我的预订/要求进一步了解……/我写这封信是关于……/出售的/关于2月29日你的投诉/感谢你2月29日关于出售……/关于布鲁塞尔会议的电子邮件。/关于我们星期五的电话交谈，我想让你知道……
Semi-formal / Informal
半正式/非正式
Just a quick note to invite you to.../ to tell you that.../This is to invite you to join us for.../Thanks for your e-mail, it was wonderful/great to hear from you./I wanted to let you know that / tell you about / ask you if...
只是一个简短的便条，邀请你去……/告诉你……/这是邀请你加入我们……/谢谢你的电子邮件，很高兴/很高兴收到你的来信。/我想让你知道/告诉你/问你是否……
ask, request, question, inquire, query, seek, search
提问，请求，提问，询问，询问，寻找，搜索
MAKING A REQUEST / ASKING FOR INFORMATION
提出要求/询问信息
Formal
正式的
Could you please let me know if you can attend ... / if you are available for a meeting on 12th December? /I would appreciate it if you could please send me a brochure/ if you could please reply within two days. /Could you possibly arrange a meeting with the Logistics Manager? /I would also like to know if there are any swimming pools in your area. /Please let me know how much the tickets cost.
如果你能参加12月12日的会议，请告诉我？/如果你能寄给我一本小册子，我将不胜感激。/你能安排和物流经理见面吗？/我也想知道你们地区是否有游泳池。/请告诉我这些票多少钱。
Informal
非正式的
I was wondering if you could come and see me sometime next week. /Would you mind coming early to help me clear up the place?/Do you think you could call Jerry for me? /Can you call me/ get back to me asap? (as soon as possible)
我想知道下星期你是否能找个时间来看我。/你介意早点来帮我清理一下这个地方吗？/你能帮我打电话给杰瑞吗？/你能给我打电话/尽快给我回电话吗？（尽快）
support, offering help, giving information
支持、提供帮助、提供信息
OFFERING HELP / GIVING INFORMATION
提供帮助/提供信息
Formal
正式的
We are happy to let you know that your article has been selected for publication. /I am glad to inform you that we will be holding our annual conference in Brussels on 20 September 2014. /We regret to inform you that the show has been cancelled due to bad weather conditions. /We are willing to arrange another meeting with the CEO. /We would be glad to send you another statement if necessary. /Please do let me know if I can be of further assistance. /Should you need any further information/assistance, please do not hesitate to contact us.
我们很高兴地通知您，您的文章已被选定出版。/我很高兴地通知你，我们将于2014年9月20日在布鲁塞尔举行年会。/我们很遗憾地通知你，由于天气不好，演出取消了。/我们愿意与首席执行官安排另一次会面。/如有必要，我们很乐意再寄一份声明给你。/如果我能得到进一步的帮助，请告诉我。/如果您需要进一步的信息/帮助，请随时与我们联系。
Informal
非正式的
I'm sorry, but I can't make it tomorrow. (= I can't come tomorrow.) /I'm happy to tell you that John and I are getting married next month. /Would you like me to come early and help you clear up the place? /How about I come and help you out? /Do you need a hand with moving the furniture?
对不起，我明天去不了。我很高兴告诉你约翰和我下个月就要结婚了。/你想让我早点来帮你收拾房间吗？/我来帮你怎么样？/你需要帮忙搬家具吗？
sorry, complain, disapprove, accuse, criticize
抱歉，抱怨，反对，指责，批评
COMPLAINING
抱怨
Formal
正式的
I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with... / to complain about... /I regret to say that I was not completely satisfied with the room you provided us. /We regret to inform you that your payment is considerably overdue. /I would like to receive a full refund and compensation for the damages. /I am interested to hear how your company can compensate us for the distress we suffered.
我写信来表达我对……的不满/对……的抱怨/我很遗憾地说，我对你提供给我们的房间并不完全满意。/我们很遗憾地通知你方，你方的付款已相当逾期。/我想得到全额退款和赔偿损失。/我很想知道贵公司如何补偿我们所遭受的痛苦。
Informal
非正式的
I'm sorry to say that you're late with the payments. /I hope you won't mind me saying that the place you'd recommended to us wasn't as nice as we'd expected.
很抱歉，你的付款迟到了。/我希望你不会介意我说你推荐给我们的地方不如我们期望的好。
sorry, apoligize, beg pardon, excuse
抱歉
APOLOGIZING
道歉
Formal
正式的
We would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused. /Please accept our apologies for the delay. /Please let us know what we can do to compensate you for the damages caused. /We will make sure that this will not happen again in the future. /I am afraid I will not be able to attend the conference.
对于给您带来的不便，我们深表歉意。/请接受我们对延误的歉意。/请告诉我们我们能做些什么来赔偿你方造成的损失。/我们将确保今后不再发生这种情况。/恐怕我不能参加会议。
Informal
非正式的
I'm sorry for the trouble I caused. /I apologize for the delay. /I promise it won't happen again /I'm sorry, but I can't make it to the meeting.
我很抱歉给你添麻烦。/我为耽搁道歉。/我保证不会再发生了/对不起，但我不能参加会议。
working, attacing files, appoint, assign
工作，附档，任命，分配
ATTACHING FILES
附加文件
Formal
正式的
I am attaching my CV for your consideration. /I am sending you the brochure as an attachment. /Please see the statement attached. / Please find attached the file you requested. /I am afraid I cannot open the file you have sent me. /Could you send it again in ... format?
我附上我的简历供你考虑。/我把小册子作为附件寄给你。/请看所附的声明。/请查收你所要求的附件。/恐怕我无法打开你寄给我的文件。/你能用……格式再寄一次吗？
Informal
非正式的
I'm attaching/sending you the holiday photos. /Sorry, but I can't open it. Can you send it again in ... format?
我把假日照片附寄给你。/对不起，我打不开。你能用……格式再发一次吗？
ending, finish, closing, conclusion, end
结束
ENDING
结尾
Formal
正式的
I look forward to hearing from you. /I look forward to hearing when you are planning to visit our town.
我期待你的回音。/我期待听到你计划什么时候来我们镇。
Informal
非正式的
Hope to hear from you soon. /I'm looking forward to seeing you.
希望不久能收到你的来信。/我很期待见到你。
hi, greetings, welcome
嗨，你好，欢迎
CLOSING FORMULA
结束格式
Formal
正式的
Yours faithfully, (when you start with Dear Sir/ Madam,) /Yours sincerely, (when you start with the name e.g. Dear Ms Collins) /Sincerely Yours, (AmE) /Sincerely, (AmE) /Yours Truly, (AmE)
您忠诚的，（当您以亲爱的先生/女士开始时，）/您的真诚，（当您以亲爱的柯林斯女士开始时）/您的真诚，（AmE）/真诚，（AmE）/您的真诚，（AmE）
Informal
非正式的
Love, /Thanks, /Take care, /Yours, /Best regards, (semi-formal, also BR)
亲爱的，/谢谢，/保重，/你的，/致以最良好的问候，（半正式的，也是BR）
One more thing to keep in mind is that in formal correspondence contractions are rarely used, so remember to write 'I do not' instead of 'I don't' or 'they cannot' instead of 'they can't' and so on. Keep learning, keep writing – practice makes perfect – and let me know if I can help you with anything.
还有一点要记住的是，在正式的通信中很少使用缩略词，所以记住写“我不”而不是“我不”或“他们不能”而不是“他们不能”等等。继续学习，继续写作-熟能生巧-如果我能帮你什么，请告诉我。
