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Mmmm, cheese - a food as nutritious as it is delicious. Or is it?
嗯，奶酪是一种既美味又营养的食物，对吗？
On the one hand, cheese is an excellent source of minerals like calcium and magnesium, vitamins A, B2 and B12, not to mention being a complete protein.
一方面，奶酪是钙、镁、维生素A、维生素B2和维生素B12等矿物质的良好来源，更别提它还是一种完全蛋白质。
On the other hand, cheese is also a significant source of saturated fat and sodium in our diets. To lower saturated fat intake, consuming reduced-fat cheese is sometimes recommended to lower cardiovascular disease risk.
另一方面，奶酪也是饱和脂肪和钠的重要来源。为降低饱和脂肪的摄入量，有时也建议食用减脂奶酪以降低心血管疾病的风险。
Paradoxically, however, there is now a growing body of evidence that people who eat lots of cheese do not have a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, including Type 2 diabetes.
但矛盾的是，越来越多的证据表明：对于食用大量奶酪的人群而言，他们患心血管疾病的风险（包括2型糖尿病）并没有更高。
Our research team at the University of Alberta examined the impact of both reduced- and regular-fat cheese on insulin resistance in the bodies of pre-diabetic rats. We found that both types of cheese reduced insulin resistance, which is important to maintain normal blood sugars.
我们在阿尔伯塔大学的研究小组调查了减脂奶酪和常规奶酪对糖尿病前期大鼠体内胰岛素抵抗的影响。我们发现：这两种奶酪都会降低胰岛素抵抗，这对于维持正常的血糖浓度非常重要。
Cheese and insulin resistance
奶酪和胰岛素抵抗
Insulin resistance is a condition that commonly develops with ageing and obesity, leading to high blood glucose, and risk factor of CVD and Type 2 diabetes.
胰岛素抵抗通常伴随着衰老和肥胖发生，导致高血糖，也是心血管疾病和2型糖尿病的风险因素。
Our objective was to compare how consuming reduced- versus regular-fat cheese affected insulin resistance, and to explore biochemical mechanisms that might explain any observed effects.
我们的目的是对比减脂奶酪和常规奶酪对胰岛素抵抗的影响，并探究能解释已观察影响的生化机制。
We used a rat model of insulin resistance that shares many characteristics with humans. We created the model by feeding the rats high amounts of lard. After four weeks, the rats were divided into three groups: 1) lard diet, 2) lard diet and reduced-fat cheddar cheese, 3) lard diet and regular fat cheddar cheese.
我们建立了胰岛素抵抗大鼠模型，该模型与人类存在很多共同特征。通过给大鼠投喂大量猪油，我们建立了该模型。四周后，大鼠被分成三组：1）猪油饮食，2）猪油饮食和减脂切达奶酪，3）猪油饮食和常规切达奶酪。
All the diets had the same total amount of fat, only the source of it varied (lard versus cheese). The rats ate these diets for eight more weeks.
所有饮食的脂肪量相同，但来源不同（猪油vs.奶酪）。接下来的八周内，研究员对大鼠投喂这些食物。
The most interesting finding in our research was that both reduced- and regular-fat cheddar cheese reduced insulin resistance in the rats. This suggests that the beneficial effects of cheese might not be related to the amount of fat but to some other component, such as the protein or the calcium.
最有意思的是，减脂切达奶酪和常规切达奶酪都降低了大鼠的胰岛素抵抗。这表明：奶酪的益处可能与脂肪含量无关，但与蛋白质或钙等其它成分相关。
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