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Most of the popular vitamin and mineral supplements people take do not boost health, a major study says. Some could even increase the risk of death, scientists claim. Their research concludes only folic acid is proven to reduce risks of heart disease or stroke.
一项有意义的研究表明：人们服用的大多数受欢迎的维生素和矿物质补充剂并不能促进健康。科学家声称，有些补充剂甚至会增加人们的死亡率。他们的研究得出这样的结论：只有叶酸被证明能降低人们患心脏病或中风的风险。
They looked at the latest five years of reviews of the most common supplements taken, incl?uding vitamins A, B1, B2, B3 (niacin), B6, B9 (folic acid), C, D and E. Multivitamins , vitamin C and D and calcium showed no advantage or added risk in prevention of cardiovascular disease, heart attacks, strokes or early death.
他们研究了最常被服用的补充剂的近五年综述，包括维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B3（尼克酸）、维生素B6、维生素B9（叶酸）、维生素C、维生素D和维生素E。研究表明，多种维生素、维生素C、维生素D和钙元素在预防心血管疾病、心脏病发作、中风或早逝方面并没有优势、也不会增加风险。
But B3 and antioxidants showed a very small increased risk of death from any cause. Lead author Dr David Jenkins, University of Toronto, said: "We were surprised to find so few positive effects of the most common supplements. Our review found that if you want to use multivitamins, vitamin D, calcium or vitamin C, it does no harm, but there is no apparent advantage, either."
但研究表明，维生素B3和抗氧化剂会小幅度增加死亡率。多伦多大学的首席研究员大卫·詹金斯博士说道："我们十分惊讶，因为这些最常见的补充剂只能带来一点点的积极影响。我们的综述发现，如果你服用多种维生素、维生素D、钙元素或维生素C，并不会带来危害，但也不会带来明显的好处。"
In the absence of significant positive data, apart from folic acid's potential reduction in the risk of stroke or heart disease, it's most beneficial to rely on a healthy diet to get your fill of vitamins and minerals.
在没有显著积极数据的情况下，除了叶酸可能会降低患中风或心脏病的风险之外，依靠健康的饮食来补充维生素和矿物质是最为有益的方式。
The study, of reviews from January 2012 to October 2017 and published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology yesterday, added people with specific deficiencies should take supplements according to professional advice. Only one supplement was found to reduce risks of heart disease or stroke.
该研究综述查看了2012年1月至2017年10月的研究，并于昨日发表于《美国心脏病学会杂志》（Journal of the American College of Cardiology）。综述补充道，缺乏某些维生素的人应该根据专业建议服用补充剂。研究只发现一种补充剂有降低心脏病或中风风险的潜能。
In 2016, Public Health England recommended taking vitamin D tablets daily. NHS Choices gives advice for people at risk of deficiencies. It adds: "Most people get the vitamins and minerals they need by eating a healthy, balanced diet. Taking [supplements] too much may be harmful."
2016年，英格兰公共卫生局建议每天服用维生素D片。NHS Choices给缺维生素的人提出了建议："大多数人可以通过健康的、均衡的饮食获得他们所需的维生素和矿物质。服用太多的补充剂可能会带来危害。"
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