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1. Sleeping through takeoff or landing.
1. 起飞或着陆时睡觉。
When the plane ascends or descends, the air pressure around you changes faster than the air inside your ears. If you've ever flown before, you know this can be super uncomfortable - but only temporarily. To equalize the pressure, all you need to do is chew gum; inhale, then exhale gently as you hold your mouth shut; suck on candy; or yawn, according to MedlinePlus. In other words, you're better off awake. Accidentally sleep through the pressure change, and this condition will only get more uncomfortable, potentially instigating dizziness, ear infection, slight hearing loss, eardrum damage, or nosebleeds and severe hearing loss in the worst of cases.
飞机起飞或着陆时，人们身边的气压变化会比耳内的气流变化更快。坐过飞机的人都知道，这是种不舒服的体验--但只是暂时的。据MedlinePlus表示，为了平衡压力，你只需要嚼口香糖；吸气，然后闭上嘴巴轻轻呼气；吃糖；或打呵欠。换言之，你最好是醒着的。在压力变化之时，不小心睡着只会让你更不舒服、头晕、耳朵感染、轻微听力受损、耳膜损伤，最糟糕的时候会流鼻血、听力严重受损。
2. Sitting from takeoff to landing.
2. 从起飞到着陆一直坐着。
Low air pressure in the cabin can slow your circulation and set you up for blood clots, particularly in the legs. Sitting around doesn't help - especially if you're on birth control pills, because some can increase your risk of developing dangerous clots (even without air travel).To reduce your risk of developing clots, which could pose major health issues if they travel to your lungs, brain, or heart, the CDC suggests getting up and moving around as often as possible. Of course that's easier said than done for lazies and people sitting in window or middle seats - it's all the more reason to choose an aisle seat when you can.
机舱内的低气压会减缓血液循环、导致血块凝结、尤其是腿部的血块。一直坐着于事无补--尤其是在服用避孕药的情况下，因为有些情况可能会增加你形成危险血块的风险（即使没有坐飞机）。为了降低血块凝结的风险（如果到达肺部、脑部或心脏，可能会造成严重的健康问题），疾病预防与控制中心建议：尽可能多的起来走动。当然，对于懒人、或者坐在靠窗以及中间位置的人来说，这就没那么容易了--所以你要尽可能的选择靠过道的座位啊！
Regardless of where you're seated, you can protect yourself by performing these exercises every so often: Raise your heels while your toes are on the floor; raise your toes while your heels on the floor; and clench and release your leg muscles. Repeat each move a handful of times before moving on to the next, and repeat the entire series periodically throughout your flight. And if you zonk out on a red-eye? Just try to shift positions as often as possible, and move your legs anytime you're awake enough to think of it. (Some experts recommend against taking sleeping pills, lest they render you even more immobile.)
不管你坐在哪里，你都可以偶尔动一动、预防血块凝结。脚尖朝地、脚跟抬起；脚跟朝地、脚尖抬起；捏一捏腿部肌肉。开始下一个动作前，每一个动作都重复多做几次，飞行过程中不时重复整套动作。如果你坐的是午夜航班，想要睡觉？那就尽可能多的调整自己的位置，只要醒着就动一动腿。（有些专家不建议服用安眠药，因为你会更不想动。）
3. Declining a beverage.
3. 拒绝饮料。
Cabin air is notoriously dry. Because your body loses moisture every time you exhale, simply breathing at high altitudes can dehydrate you. So when the flight attendant rolls up, place an order.
机舱内的空气非常干燥。因为每次呼气你的身体都会失去水分，所以只要在高空呼吸就足以使你脱水。所以当乘务员推餐车走动时，一定要点杯饮料。
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