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The first new college class since the election of Donald J. Trump has arrived on campus, and new numbers confirm what the higher education industry had feared: Fewer foreign students are coming to the United States.
唐纳德·特朗普当选总统后的第一批大学新生到校了，新的数据证实了高等教育产业的担忧：赴美外国留学生数量下滑。
The number of newly arriving international students declined an average 7 percent in fall 2017, with 45 percent of campuses reporting drops in new international enrollment, according to a survey of nearly 500 campuses across the country by the Institute of International Education.
根据国际教育协会(Institute of International Education)对全美近500所高校的调查数据，2017年秋季新入学的国际学生数量减少了7%，有45%的高校反映新入学的国际学生数量出现下降。
Experts cited an uncertain social and political climate in the United States as part of the reason for the decline in enrollment.
专家提出，美国社会和政治环境的不确定性是入学人数下降的原因之一。
“It’s a mix of factors,” said Rajika Bhandari, head of research for the institute, which collects data on international students in cooperation with the State Department. “Concerns around the travel ban had a lot to do with concerns around personal safety based on a few incidents involving international students, and a generalized concern about whether they’re safe.”
“这是多种因素的结合，”该协会的研究负责人拉吉卡·班达里(Rajika Bhandari)表示，该协会与美国国务院协作收集国际学生数据。“由于发生了几起涉及国际学生的事件，人们对旅行禁令的担忧很大程度上是对人身安全的担忧，也有对自己是否安全的一种普遍担忧。”
Another reason for the decline is increasing competition from countries like Canada, Britain and Australia, said Allan E. Goodman, president of the institute.
数据下滑的另一个原因是来自加拿大、英国、澳大利亚的竞争在不断加强，国际教育协会主席艾伦·E·古德曼(Allan E. Goodman)说道。
The figures released Monday also included final numbers for 2016-2017, which show robust international enrollment, with a record 1.08 million international students in the United States, an increase of 85 percent from a decade earlier.
周一发布的数据还包含了2016-2017年的最终数据，它们显示国际学生入学人数增长稳健，美国的国际生数量达到创纪录的108万人，比10年前增长了85%。
Much of the record was driven by 175,000 students who have remained in the United States after completing their degrees, in internship-type programs known as “optional practical training.”
增长主要来自在毕业后选择留在美国参加“选择性实习”(Optional Practical Training)项目的17.5万名学生。
The 2016-2017 figures, though, revealed that first-time international students dropped 3 percent, indicating that the decline had begun before President Trump took office.
但2016-2017的数据显示，国际学生已首次出现3%的下滑。这意味着在特朗普上台之前就已经开始下降。
The drop in new students signals potential financial difficulties for some small universities that have come to rely on money from foreign students, who provide an infusion of $39 billion into the United States economy each year.
新入学学生的下降，预示着一些依靠外国学生、规模不大的高校有可能出现财政困难。外国学生每年为美国经济贡献390亿美元（约合2600亿人民币）。
Particularly hard hit are campuses in the Midwest, according to the institute.
该机构表示，中西部的高校受到的打击尤其严重。
At the University of Iowa, overall international enrollment this fall was 3,564, down from 4,100 in 2015.
艾奥瓦大学(University of Iowa)今年秋季国际学生入学总数从2015年的4100人降为3564人。
Downing Thomas, the university’s dean of international programs, said that some other schools in the Big Ten are also experiencing declines, and none are seeing the rapid increases of the recent past.
艾奥瓦大学国际项目主任唐宁·托马斯(Downing Thomas)表示，十大联盟(Big Ten)中的其他高校也遭遇了人数下降，没有一所学校还有不久前的那种快速增长。
While Iowa primarily lost Chinese students, the University of Central Missouri experienced a sharp decline this year in students from India, said Mike Godard, vice provost for enrollment management.
艾奥瓦大学减少的主要是中国学生，而中密苏里大学(University of Central Missouri)负责招生工作的副教务长麦克·戈达德(Mike Godard)表示，该校今年的印度学生数量骤降。
In the fall of 2016, the Warrensburg, Mo., university had 2,638 international students. This fall it has 944.
2016年秋，中密苏里大学有2638名国际学生。今年秋季只有944名。
Dr. Godard said fewer students came from India partly because of a currency crisis in the country, but also because of concerns about the Trump administration’s travel ban affecting Muslim countries. India was not on that list, but Dr. Godard said many of the university’s Indian students were from Muslim areas of the country and were concerned about the ban.
戈达表示印度留学生减少的部分原因在于印度的货币危机，但也出于对特朗普政府涉及穆斯林国家的旅行禁令的担忧。印度不在旅行禁令的国家名单上，但戈达德说，学校的许多印度学生都来自印度穆斯林地区，对禁令感到担忧。
“Although India wasn’t listed as one of the countries, certainly feeling welcome and safe and all those things is important,” he said. “It would be na?ve to say that wasn’t a contributing factor.”
“尽管印度不在旅行禁令的国家名单上，但让他们感到受欢迎、感到安全等那些事情上都非常重要。”他说，“如果说这不是其中的原因，那也太天真了。”
Prospective students from India — interviewed shortly after last year’s presidential election — have expressed fears about the racial climate in the United States, concerns that might have been heightened after the shooting death in February of an Indian engineer in a suburban Kansas City bar.
来自印度的预备学生——在总统大选后不久进行面试的学生——表达了对美国种族大环境的担忧。在今年二月一名印度工程师在堪萨斯城郊外酒吧被射杀后，人们的担忧更甚。
A breakdown of declines by country was not yet available for fall 2017.
对2017年秋各国留学生下滑情况的分析尚未公布。
In fall 2016, the sharpest drops nationally from a year earlier involved students from Brazil and Saudi Arabia, which cut back on funding international scholarships.
截至2016年秋，从一年前开始留学生人数下滑最厉害的国家是巴西和沙特阿拉伯，两国削减了国际奖学金经费。
