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Despite the political division of China in this period, four important advances occurred. First, the trade became important In the south, trade became increasingly important, especially the tea trade.
尽管此时中国政权处于分裂状态，这一时期也有四大进步:在南方，贸易变得很重要，尤其是茶叶贸易。
Efforts at state monopozation occurred in an attempt to control the revenue of the tea trade.
为了增加收入，茶的买卖由政府垄断。
Salt monopolies were developed and the salt taxes were the top budget item during this period.
盐的买卖也出现了垄断，盐成为当时最紧俏的商品。
The second development was translucent porcelain. This also happened in the south and was used both within China and as an export item.
第二，就是陶瓷的发展，透明的彩陶产于南方,是当时对外出口的主要商品。
The next important development was in the field of printing. In about 940, the first printing of the Classics occurred. Attempts at movable type began in about 1045.
第三，就是印刷，大约公元940年出现了第一批印刷版的经典作品，并在1045年发明了活字印刷术。
Printing had far reaching effects on the Chinese people. As would occur later in Europe, printing allowed more people to become educated because books became more readily available.
印刷术的发明对中国和世界都产生了深远的影响，它使更多的人接受教育成为可能。
Finally, in northern China, paper money was introduced. This introduction was due in part to the fact that metal was scarce in China. Besides, the existing copper money was very heavy and difficult to transport. The beginning of paper money was deposit certificates that merchants used in provinces where copper coins were the currency.
第四，由于金属缺乏，铜钱较重不方便携带，中国的北方发明了纸币。纸币的出现是存储的凭证，它可以在铜钱流行的省份通行。
Eventually, the government would accept copper and then issue certificates, thus creating the prototype of a banking system.
最后政府接受铜钱而后发行这种纸的凭证，这就形成了早期的银行。
This money system greatly prospered the trade.
新的货币制度大大推动了贸易的发展。
The practice of binding womens feet also began during this time. The first evidence of this practice showed up in about 950.
五代十国时期妇女开始裹小脚，首次出现在公元950年。
Scholars were not sure how this practice began, however, it was widely practiced among both the rich and poor of China.
学者们不清楚为什么妇女要裹小脚，然而，这种现象在中国富人和穷人中十分盛行。
Only a few groups did not participate in this custom. They were the boat women of Kuang-tung and the aboriginal people of the southwest.
只有少数群体像广东的船家女儿和南方边远地方的女子才不裹脚。
None of the non-Chinese groups surrounding China followed this custom.
除此之外，在中国其它广大地区的非少数民族女子都有裹脚的这一传统。
Buddhism experienced a sharp decline during this period.
这一时期佛教经历了一次大的劫难。
In northern China, Buddhists were heavily persecuted in 955.
在北方，公元955年，佛教徒遭受到严重迫害。
This persecution seemed to be aimed at stopping men from becoming monks to avoid joining the armies.
这次迫害意在阻止男人们为逃避兵役而加人僧侣队伍。
Many regulations were put into practice. 30 336 temples and monasteries were secularized, and many monks were forced to leave the monasteries and take up secular lives.
许多限制措施开始施行，30336个寺院被拆除，大量的僧侣被强迫还俗。
The construction and the number of temples and monasteries were limited, in addition, private people could no longer build them.
寺院修建和数量被严格限制，作为私人不能再建造寺院。
Monks were also required to carry six i-dentification cards.
僧侣们还被要求带六种身份证。
Culturally, the Liao Dynasty achieved mainly in astronomy, the calendar, medicine and architecture.
辽国的文化发展及其成就,主要体现在天文历法、医学和建筑方面。
Not only did the Liao calendar kept the best parts of the Central Plain Han calendar, but also retained some of the special traits of the Khitan people.
辽国历法不仅吸收了中原汉族历法的优点，而且在许多方面体现了契丹民族特色。
Important achievements were made in acupuncture, pulse-feeling diagnosis, gynecology, obstetrics and preservation of corpses.
辽国的医学成就也很显著，其针炙、切脉诊法、妇产医科、尸体防腐等技术都具有较高水 平。
The Book of Acupuncture and Pulse-Feeling , written by a celebrated doctor named Zhi Lugu, enjoyed wide popularity at the time.
辽国名医直鲁古所著《针炙脉决书》，在当时很有影响。
The Liao architecture influenced by the Tang style, accommodating the Khitan customs, achieved its own unique style.
辽代的建筑受唐代建筑的影响，并糅合契丹尚东之俗而形成自己的风格。
The Khitan dialect and the Han language were the main languages used in the Liao Dynasty.
辽代主要通行的文字是契丹文和汉文。
