confine

【考法 1】 vt. 禁闭，监禁：to shut or keep in, especially to imprison

【例】The thief was confined in a prison. 小偷被关在监狱里。

【近】imprison, commit, confine, immure, incarcerate, jail

【反】discharge, free, liberate, release 释放

【考法 1】 v. 限制：to keep within limits

【例】Please confine yourself to the subject 请不要离题。

【近】limit, circumscribe, restrict

【反】exceed 超越，超过

confluence

【考法 1】 n. 汇合，混合：the coming together of two or more things to the same point

【例】a happy confluence of beautiful weather and spectacular scenery during our vacation 旅途中美好的天气

和壮丽的景色令人欣喜的汇合

【近】conjunction

【反】divergence 分叉

confront

【考法 1】 vt. 直接对抗，直面： to come face to face with, especially with defiance or hostility

【例】 You must confront your fear in order to conquer it. 要战胜你的恐惧，就必须首先敢于面对

【近】 affront, brazen, encounter, face, meet

【反】 dodge, duck, parry, shirk, sidestep 躲避

【派】 confrontation n. 对抗，冲突

confound

【考法 1】 vt. 使困惑： to throw into a state of mental uncertainty

【例】We are all confounded by his self-contradictory claims. 我们都对他自相矛盾的言论感到困惑

【近】baffle, bewilder, confuse, muddle, perplex, puzzle

【反】clarify 使清醒

【考法 2】 v. 无法区分，混淆： to fail to differentiate (a thing) from something similar or related

【例】I think you must have confounded astrology with astronomy. 我想你一定是把占星术和天文学搞混了

【近】misidentify, mistake, mix up

【反】 discriminate, distinguish 区分

【考法 3】 v. 证明为假，证伪：to prove to be false

【例】 new discoveries that confounded much of what archaeologists thought they have known about the ancient

Mayan civilization 一些新的发现，它们颠覆了考古学家们长期以来对于古代玛雅文明的认识

【近】 belie, debunk, falsify, disprove, rebut, refute

【反】 confirm, validate, verify 证实，证明为真

【派】 confounding adj. 使人困惑的

congeal

【考法 1】 v.凝固，固化： to change from a fluid to a solid state by or as if by cold

【例】 The blood had started to congeal. 血液开始凝结了

【近】 coagulate, solidify, indurate, clot

【反】 melt, liquefy 熔化，液化

【派】 congealment n. 凝固

congenial

【考法 1】 adj. 和善的，友好的： having or marked by agreement in feeling or action

【例】 a congenial host who invited us for a feast 一位邀请我们美餐一顿的和善主人

【近】 agreeable, amicable, compatible, unanimous, united

【反】 discordant, incompatible 不和睦的，不和谐的

【考法 2】 adj. 令人愉悦的： giving pleasure or contentment to the mind or senses

【例】 a couple relaxing in the congenial atmosphere of a luxury health SPA 一对沉浸在奢华水疗寓所中令

人愉快气氛里的夫妻

【近】 delightful, dulcet, felicitous, palatable

【反】 unpleasant 令人不悦的

【派】 congeniality n. 友善

congruent

【考法 1】 adj. 和谐一致的： being in agreement, harmony, or correspondence; congruous

【例】 a theory congruent with the known facts 一个与已知事实相一致的理论

【近】 consonant, compatible, consistent, harmonious, accordant

【反】 disagreeable 不一致的；conflicting, incompatible 冲突的，不可协调的

【考法 2】adj. 全等的：coinciding exactly when superimposed

【例】These two triangles are congruent. 这两个三角形是全等的

【近】identical, exact

【反】disparate 迥异的

【派】congruity n. 和谐一致

conjecture

【考法 1】 n. 揣测的结果： a conclusion deduced by surmise or guesswork

【例】 That was only a conjecture, not a fact. 那只是猜测而非事实

【近】 speculation, supposition, surmise, theory

【反】 fact 事实；axiom 公理

【考法 2】 v. 猜测，估计（大小、数量等）： to decide the size, amount, number, or distance of (something) without

actual measurement

【近】 calculate, estimate, guess, gauge

【反】 prove 证明

【考法 3】 v. （没有依据地）认为： to form an opinion from little or no evidence

【例】 conjecture that this disease is caused by a defective gene 揣测这种疾病是由基因缺陷导致的

【近】 assume, imagine, presume, speculate, suppose

connive

【考法 1】 vi. 暗中合作：to cooperate secretly or have a secret understanding; collude

【例】They connived to take over the throne. 他们密谋篡位

【近】conspire, intrigue, plot, collude, intrigue, machinate ,put up

【考法 2】 v. 纵容：假装忽视或并未采取措施阻止错误： to pretend ignorance of or fail to take action against

something one ought to oppose

【例】 The guards were suspected of conniving at the prisoner's escape. 警卫人员有纵容犯人越狱的嫌疑

【近】 blink, disregard, overlook, wink

【反】 disapprove 反对

【派】 conniver n. 共谋者

connoisseur

【考法 1】 n. 鉴赏家（尤其艺术领域）： a person who enjoys with discrimination and appreciation of subtleties

and details especially in matters of culture or art

【例】 a connoisseur of wine and cigarette 烟酒鉴赏的行家

【近】 aesthete, cognoscente

【考法 2】 n. 专家： a person with a high level of knowledge or skill in a field

【例】 works that are highly prized by connoisseurs of art glass 被玻璃艺术制品专家高度赞誉的作品

【近】 adept, artist, authority, maestro, master, maven, proficient, virtuoso

【反】 amateur, inexpert, nonexpert 业余者，非专业者；tyro, neophyte 新手