abiding

【考法1】vt. 永久的：lasting for a long time;enduring

【例】an abiding love ofEspanol 对西班牙语持久的热爱

【近】ageless, enduring,eternal, everlasting, perennial, perpetual, timeless

【反】evanescent ,ephemeral 短暂的

abject

【考法1】adj. 无精打采的：cast down in spirit,spiritless

【例】a man made abjectby suffering 被生活折磨得无精打采的人

【近】spiritless

【反】spirited, excited,exultant 狂喜的，令人兴奋的

【考法2】adj. （地位、身份）悲惨、凄凉的：sunk to or existing in a lowstate or condition

【例】abject poverty 让人绝望的贫穷

【考法3】adj. 卑微的，讨好的：expressing or offered in ahumble and often ingratiating spirit

【例】abject flattery 卑躬屈膝般的恭维；an abject apology 讨好般的、真心的道歉

【近】base, humble,menial, servile, slavish

abjure

【考法1】v. 发誓放弃：a firm and final rejecting orabandoning often made under oath

【例】abjure one’s belief 发誓放弃信仰

【近】recant, renege,renounce, abnegate, forswear (also foreswear), repudiate

【反】affirm, espouse,embrace 拥护

【考法2】v. 抵制，避免：to resist the temptation of

【例】abjureextravagance 抵制铺张浪费

【近】keep (from),refrain (from), withhold (from)

【反】bow to, give into, submit to, succumb to, surrender to, yield to 屈从于

abnegate

【考法1】v. 否认：deny, renounce

【例】abnegated the ideaof freedom 放弃自由的观念

【近】recant, renege,repudiate, unsay, forswear (also foreswear), take back,

【反】reaffirm 再肯定，重申

【考法2】v. 投降，放弃，交出（权力等）：surrender, relinquish

【例】abnegated herpowers 交出她拥有的权力

【近】cede, resign, stepaside (from), step down (from)

【反】adhere to 依附，坚持

abominate

【考法1】v. 憎恶：to hate or loathe intensely,abhor

【例】We abominate jokesthat make fun of people who have physical disabilities. 我们鄙视对有生理缺陷的人

开玩笑。

【近】despise, detest,execrate, loathe

【反】esteem, love,adore 尊敬，爱

aboveboard

【考法1】adj. 无欺诈的，光明正大的：free from all traces of deceitor duplicity

【例】This transactionwas totally aboveboard, so there was no reason to question it. 这项交易完全公开公

正，没有必要质疑。

【反】chicanery,surreptitious, underhanded 偷偷摸摸的

abrade

【考法1】v. 磨损，精神上折磨：to rub or wear away especiallyby friction; wear down spiritually

【例】My skin wasabraded. 我的皮肤被磨损了。

【近】chafe, excoriate,rasp, graze, scuff

【反】augment 增加

abridge

【考法1】v. 缩短，缩小：to shorten in duration orextent

【例】moderntransportation abridges distance 现代运输方式缩短了路途

【近】curtail, truncate,cut back

【反】extend in length,protract, amplify 延长，放大

【考法2】v. 在不改变本意的条件下删减词语， 缩写：toshorten by omission of words without sacrifice of sense

【例】an abridgededition 精简版

【近】abbreviate,curtail, condense, syncopate

abrogate

【考法1】v. 官方的正式废除：to abolish by authoritativeaction, annul

【例】abrogate the law/treaty 废除法律、条约

【近】disannul,invalidate, nullify, quash, rescind, roll back, strike down

【反】embrace, uphold,institute 采纳，支持，建立

【考法2】v. 无视（某事的）存在：to treat as nonexistent

【例】abrogate theirresponsibilities 抛开、不顾他们的责任

abscond

【考法1】v. 偷偷离开：to depart secretly and hideoneself

【例】abscond from theprison 越狱

【近】flee, lam, runoff, break out (of), clear out